Digestive

Question 1

name the organs of the GI tract

Answer 1

oral cavity , pharynx, esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine, anal canal

Question 2

name the accessory organs of the GI tract

Answer 2

parotid salivary gland , teeth, tongue, sublingual salivary gland, submandibular salivary gland, liver, gallbladder, pancreas

Question 3

name the epithelium of the oral cavity

Answer 3

squamous stratified epithelium

Question 4

functions of the digestive system

Answer 4

ingestion , secretion , chemical digestion, mechanical digestion, absorption, elimination

Question 5

ingestion

Answer 5

solids and liquids enter the oral cavity

Question 6

secretion

Answer 6

producing and releasing mucin, bile, acid, and digestive enzymes

Question 7

mechanical digestion

Answer 7

physical breakdown of ingested materials

Question 8

chemical digestion

Answer 8

enzymes breakdown ingested material

Question 9

absorption

Answer 9

movement of materials from GI tracy to the blood

Question 10

elimination

Answer 10

feces is created and then eliminated through defecation

Question 11

what is the hard palate in the oral cavity

Answer 11

• palatine processes of the maxillae
• horizontal plates of the palatine bones

Question 12

what is the soft palate of the oral cavity

Answer 12

• skeletal muscle covered by stratified squamous epithelium non keratinized
• uvula

Question 13

what is the function of the tongue in the oral cavity

Answer 13

• primarily skeletal muscle
• manipulates and mixes ingested materials
• compress material against palate to turn them into a bolus

Question 14

what are salivary glands

Answer 14

• produce and secrete saliva
• chemical digestion

Question 15

parotid salivary glands

Answer 15

parotid duct - upper 2nd molar

Question 16

submandibular salivary glands

Answer 16

• produce most saliva
• submandibular duct, lateral side of lingual frenulum

Question 17

sublingual salivary glands

Answer 17

sublingual ducts , inferior surface of oral cavity

Question 18

what cranial nerves provide parasympathetic innervation to the salivary glands

Answer 18

CN VII - facial
- PS to submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
CN IX - glossopharyngeal
- PS to parotid salivary glands

Question 19

describe the difference between intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal structures

Answer 19

intraperitoneal structures - completely surrounded by visceral peritoneum

ex: stomach , part of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, transverse colon, sigmoid colon

retroperitoneal structures - lie directly against the posterior abdominal wall - only anterolateral portions are covered by visceral peritoneum

ex: most of duodenum, pancreas, ascending colon, descending colon, rectum

Question 20

what is a mesentery

Answer 20

folds of peritoneum that support and stabilize the intraperitoneal GI tracy organs
- contains blood vessels , lymphatic vessels and nerves that’s supply GI tract

Question 21

define greater omentum

Answer 21

greater curvature of the stomach

Question 22

define lesser omentum

Answer 22

lesser curvature of the stomach and proximal duodenum to liver

Question 23

define mesentery proper

Answer 23

suspends most of the small intestine

Question 24

define mesocolon

Answer 24

attached parts of large intestine to the internal surface of the posterior abdominal wall

Question 25

define peritoneal ligament

Answer 25

peritoneal fold that attached one organ to another, or organ to the body wall

coronary ligament : liver to diaphragm
falciform ligament: liver to anterior internal body wall