Digestive Flashcards
name the organs of the GI tract
oral cavity , pharynx, esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine, anal canal
name the accessory organs of the GI tract
parotid salivary gland , teeth, tongue, sublingual salivary gland, submandibular salivary gland, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
name the epithelium of the oral cavity
squamous stratified epithelium
functions of the digestive system
ingestion , secretion , chemical digestion, mechanical digestion, absorption, elimination
ingestion
solids and liquids enter the oral cavity
secretion
producing and releasing mucin, bile, acid, and digestive enzymes
mechanical digestion
physical breakdown of ingested materials
chemical digestion
enzymes breakdown ingested material
absorption
movement of materials from GI tracy to the blood
elimination
feces is created and then eliminated through defecation
what is the hard palate in the oral cavity
- palatine processes of the maxillae
- horizontal plates of the palatine bones
what is the soft palate of the oral cavity
- skeletal muscle covered by stratified squamous epithelium non keratinized
- uvula
what is the function of the tongue in the oral cavity
- primarily skeletal muscle
- manipulates and mixes ingested materials
- compress material against palate to turn them into a bolus
what are salivary glands
- produce and secrete saliva
- chemical digestion
parotid salivary glands
parotid duct - upper 2nd molar
submandibular salivary glands
- produce most saliva
- submandibular duct, lateral side of lingual frenulum
sublingual salivary glands
sublingual ducts , inferior surface of oral cavity
what cranial nerves provide parasympathetic innervation to the salivary glands
CN VII - facial
- PS to submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
CN IX - glossopharyngeal
- PS to parotid salivary glands
describe the difference between intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal structures
intraperitoneal structures - completely surrounded by visceral peritoneum
ex: stomach , part of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, transverse colon, sigmoid colon
retroperitoneal structures - lie directly against the posterior abdominal wall - only anterolateral portions are covered by visceral peritoneum
ex: most of duodenum, pancreas, ascending colon, descending colon, rectum
what is a mesentery
folds of peritoneum that support and stabilize the intraperitoneal GI tracy organs
- contains blood vessels , lymphatic vessels and nerves that’s supply GI tract
define greater omentum
greater curvature of the stomach
define lesser omentum
lesser curvature of the stomach and proximal duodenum to liver
define mesentery proper
suspends most of the small intestine
define mesocolon
attached parts of large intestine to the internal surface of the posterior abdominal wall
define peritoneal ligament
peritoneal fold that attached one organ to another, or organ to the body wall
coronary ligament : liver to diaphragm
falciform ligament: liver to anterior internal body wall
