Digestion and Nutrition Definitions

Question 1

Enzyme

Answer 1

Proteins that catalyze chemical reactions

Question 2

pH

Answer 2

A measure of acidity, 1-7 acid, 7 neutral, 7 - 14 alkaline

Question 3

Mucus

Answer 3

A slippery secretion of the lining of various membranes

Question 4

Carbohydrate

Answer 4

A source of energy for animals. Made up of sugar and starches, broken down into glucose in blood stream.

Question 5

Protein

Answer 5

Made of amino acid chains, found in animal-derived food and vegetables

Question 6

Fat

Answer 6

Insoluble in water, broken down into glycerol and fatty acids

Question 7

Bolus

Answer 7

A rounded mass of food in the mouth

Question 8

Chyme

Answer 8

Thick mass of partly digested food that is passed from stomach to small intestine

Question 9

Denature

Answer 9

To cause the tertiary structure of a protein to unfold with heat, alkali or acid; original properties are diminished

Question 10

Emulsify

Answer 10

Disperse one liquid in a second immiscible liquid

Question 11

Lipases

Answer 11

Enzymes which split fats into oils and fatty acids

Question 12

Proteases

Answer 12

Enzymes that split proteins into small peptides and amino acids

Question 13

Amylases

Answer 13

Split carbohydrates into starch, simple sugars, and glucose

Question 14

Feces

Answer 14

Waste from digestive tract found in large intestine; consists of water, food residue, bacteria, and secretions of intestines and liver