Digestion and Absorption Flashcards
Which food substances are considered starch blockers?
Protein
Fiber content
Enzymes located at the brush border
Sucrase
Isomaltase
Glucoamylase
Lactase
Intestinal transporter of glucose and galactose
Sodium/ glucose linked transporter ( SGLT-1)
Intestinal transporter of fructose
Glut5
Which enzyme is released by the intestinal epithelial cells for the digestion of proteins
Enterokinase
Which enzyme produced by the pancreas can be self activated and activates other pancreatic enzymes?
Trypsin
Function of chymotrypsin and elastase
They trim large peptides with neutral amino acids at their C-terminals
Function of trypsin
It trims large peptides with basic amino acids at their C-terminals
Function of carboxypeptidase A
It removes the neutral amino acids from the C-terminal end
Function of carboxypeptidase B
Removes the basic amino acids from the C-terminal end
Which type of amino acids are absorbed rapidly and by active transport?
The L-type of amino acids
Which type of amino acids are absorbed slowly and by passive transport
The D-type of amino acids
The intestinal cotransporters of vitamin C
SVCT1 and SVCT2
What is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12?
Intrinsic factor
Which cells produce the intrinsic factor?
Parietal cells in the stomach
What does vitamin B12 bind to in the stomach
Haptocorrin
A person with celiac disease has an autoimmune response to a diet containing a certain protein. This protein is called
Alpha-gliadin
Alpha-gliadin is found in a type of protein which is a major structural component of wheat and other grains. What is this protein?
Gluten
Cystinuria
Loss of dibasic amino acids ( cysteine,lysine and arginine) through urine due to diminished intestinal absorption
Which cofactor helps pancreatic lipases to function more efficiently?
Colipase
Which vitamin helps in the absorption of calcium in the duodenum?
Vitamin D3
Facilitators of calcium absorption
Lactose
Protein
Inhibitors of calcium absorption
Phosphates
Oxalates
Which protein binds iron in the intestinal lumen?
Transferrin
Which protein binds to iron in the mucosal cells?
Apoferritin
What hormone facilitates the absorption of Na+ in the ileum and jejunum?
Aldosterone
Water absorption in the small intestine is usually coupled with which food substances?
Glucose
Amino acids
Which membrane transport mechanism in the jejunum remains functional when one has cholera?
Na+\glucose symport
E.coli and V. cholera activate which signaling pathway by the toxins they produce
cAMP pathway
