Anterior abdominal Wall

Question 1

the Fundus of the gall bladder touched by midclavicular line and and the tip of the ninth cartilage

Question 2

Which position indicates the base of the appendix

Answer 2

The mc burneys point

Question 3

How do you locate the McBurneys Point

Answer 3

it is found 2/3rds of a line drawn from the navel to the superior iliac spine

Question 4

What divides the rectus abdominis muscles into segments

Answer 4

Tendinous intersections

Question 5

What is the name of the fibrous band of tissues that runs in the middle of the abdomen

Answer 5

the Linea Alba

Question 6

What is the name of the lines that marks the lateral borders of the Rectus abdominis muscle

Answer 6

Linea Semilunaris

Question 7

Which structure indicates the bifurcation of the Abdominal Aorta

Answer 7

The Umbilicus

Question 8

What are the Margins of the anterior Abdominal Wall

Answer 8

Extends from the Xiphoid Process and costal margins Superiorly
To the Iliac Crest, pUbic Tubercle and Pubic Symphysis Inferiorly

Question 9

What are the two layers of superficial Fascia of the abdominal wall

Answer 9

The Fatty Layer- Campers Fascia
The thin membranous layer - Scarpa’s Fascia

Question 10

Which of the two layers of the abdominal superficial fascia is specialized for Fat storage in males

Answer 10

Campers Fascia

Question 11

Which of the two layers is continued over the penis & scrotum as the superficial fascia and what is the name of that fascia

Answer 11

The Scarpas Fascia
The superficial FAscia of Colles

Question 12

What are the muscles of the Anterior Abdominal wall

Answer 12

The EXternal Oblique
Internall Oblique
Rectus Abdominis
Transversus Abdominis

Question 13

What is the origin of the external oblique

Answer 13

The surface of the lower 8 ribs

Question 14

What is the insertion of the external oblique

Answer 14

The Xiphoid Process
The linea Alba
The pubic tubercle
the Anterior half of the iliac crest

Question 15

What is the innervation of the external oblique muscle

Answer 15

T7-T11
and subcostal nerve

Question 16

What forms the inguinal ligament

Answer 16

The thickened inrolled border of the aponeurosis of the external oblique

Question 17

What are the ligaments of the aExternal Oblique Aponeurosis

Answer 17

Medial Crus
Inguinal Ligament
Lateral Crus
Lacunar Ligament

Question 18

Which nerve supplies the skin over the Rectus Abdominis

Answer 18

Thoracoabdominal nerves T7-T12

Question 19

where do the the Iliohypogastric and the ilioinguinal nerves originate from

Answer 19

From the ventral ramus of L1 spinal nerve

Question 20

What is the other name of the conjoint tendon

Answer 20

Inguinal Falx

Question 21

Superficial ring, defect found in the aponeurosis of the external oblique

Question 22

What forms the hernia sac of in indirect inguinal hernia

Answer 22

The processus Vaginalis

Question 23

What is cryptorchid

Answer 23

When the testes does not descend into the scrotum

Question 24

What is the difference between direct and indirect hernias in termsof position relative to the inferior epigastric

Answer 24

Indirect hernias are lateral to the inferior epigastric

Direct Hernias are medial to the inferior epigastric

Question 25

What forms the hernia sac of the direct inguinal hernia

Answer 25

The posterior abdominal wall

Question 26

Which type of hernia is mostly likely to be strangulated and why

Answer 26

The indirect hernia, this is because it is not due to the widening of inginal rings, hence the neck of the hernia is narrow hence there is a loss of blood supply But for direct it is due to widening of the inguinal rings hence has a wide neck and not likely to loose blood supply

Question 27

What is the name of the area where direct hernias can be found

Answer 27

The hasselbach(inguinal) triangle

Question 28

WHat is the main cause of indirect hernia

Answer 28

The inability of the procesus vaginalis to close after birth

Question 29

What are the muscles found at the posterior abdominal wall

Answer 29

Psoas major and Quadratus lumborum

Question 30

What is the name of the lines incisions are mad and what is the significance

Answer 30

The lines of cleavage of the skin or the langer lnes Reason - so the incision heals after and a smarler car is left

Question 31

What are the possible orientations of incision that can on the abdomen

Answer 31

Transvere Vertical or oblique

Question 32

What are the 6 major causes of abdominal protrusions

Answer 32

Fat Fetus Feces Flatus Fatal tumor Fluid(Ascites) | The 6Fs

Question 33

Abdominal Incisions

Answer 33

Subcostal Gridiron TRansverse Paramedian

Question 34

Which incision is used to access the base of the of the appendix

Answer 34

The gridiron incision

Question 35

The umbilical is at the level of the disc between which vertebrae in supine position?

Answer 35

L3 and L4

Question 36

The umbilicus indicates the level of which dermatome?

Answer 36

T10

Question 37

Which nerve supplies skin over the xiphoid process?

Answer 37

T7

Question 38

Which nerve supplies skin superior to the pubic symphsis?

Answer 38

T12

Question 39

Which nerve supplies skin overlying the pubic symphysis?

Answer 39

L1