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Biology > Digestion > Flashcards

Digestion Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Processes essential to maintain basic body functions n prevent wear n tear of body lif

A

Life processes

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2
Q

Life of earth depends on __ molecules

A

Carbon

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3
Q

Most common chemical reactions to break down molecules

A

Reduction and oxidation reaction

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4
Q

Nutrition process

A
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5
Q

Unicellular organisms exchange gases , food and removal of wastes through

A

Diffusion

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6
Q

Simple diffusion cannot meet the requirements of MULTICELLULAR organisms

A

As in multi org not all cells are in contact with air specialised organs required to carry out functions

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7
Q

We need nutrition for

A

Growth
Development
Synthesis of protein

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8
Q

Autotrophs use __ to obtain nutrition/ for photosynthesis

A

Inorganic CO2 n water

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9
Q

Autotrophs example

A

Green plants n few bacteria like Blue green algae

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10
Q

Heterotrophs use __ to break down the complex substances that they require for nutrition

A

Use bio catalysts like enzymes

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11
Q

Carbohydrates is stored in animals in the form of

A

Glycogen

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12
Q

Carbohydrates is stored in plants in the form of

A

Cellulose

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13
Q

Photosynthesis process

A

Absorption
Conversion n splitting
Reduction

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14
Q

In photosynthesis energy is created in the form of

A

Glucose ( carbohydrates)

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15
Q

2 major conditions for photosynthesis

A

Presence of cholorophyll n sunlight

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15
Q

Photosynthesis definition

A

Process through which green plants take in substances outside the body n process it n convert them into stored form

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16
Q

How much molecules of water n O2 is produced in photosynthesis

A

6

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17
Q

6co2+12H2O—>C6H12O6 +6O2+6H2O

A
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18
Q

The photosynthesis process needed to be done immediately

A

False
Ex- dessert plants they take up CO2 at night prepare the intermediate n carry out the processing next day

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19
Q

Stomata is present

A

Root,shoot n leaves

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20
Q

Photosynthesis site

A

Leaves

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21
Q

Exchange of gases takes place in plants through

A

Stem
Roots
Leaves

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22
Q

Opening and closing of stomatal pore done by

A

Guard cells

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23
Q

Stomatal pore open

A

Guard cells swell as water flows into them

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24
Q

Stomatal pore close

A

Guard cells shrink as water goes out of them

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25
Q

Guards cells help prevent

A

Transpiration

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26
Q

A plant leaf is boiled and put in alcohol n then iodine soln what is the colour of leaf

A

Blue

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27
Q

A plant leaf is boiled and put in alcohol n then iodine soln . This makes the leaf turn blue from green . What are we trying to identify

A

Presence of starch

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27
Q

A plant leaf is boiled and put in alcohol n then iodine soln . This makes the leaf turn blue from green . What are we trying to identify

A

Presence of starch

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28
Q

Potassium hydroxide (KOH) absorbs

A

CO2

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29
Q

Alcoholic KOH used for

A

Dehydrohalogenation

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30
Q

__ is an essential element used to synthesis proteins

A

Nitrogen

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31
Q

Other raw materials used by plant from soil (minp)

A

Water
Nitrogen
Iron
Phosphorous
Magnesium

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32
Q

Plants take in nitrogen in the form of

A

Inorganic nitrates or nitrites
Organic compounds prepared by bacteria from atmospheric nitrogen (like rizobium )

33
Q

Form of nutrition in heterotrophs depends on

A

How the food can be obtained
Type n availability of the food

34
Q

Organisms which break down food outside the body n then absorb

A

Saprophytic

35
Q

Sapro examples

A

Fungi / bread mould
Yeast
Mushroom / agaricus

36
Q

Organisms who take in whole food n break it down inside the body

A

Holozoic

37
Q

What can be taken in and broken down depends on

A

Body design n functioning

38
Q

What can be taken in and broken down depends on

A

Body design n functioning

39
Q

Organisms deriving nutrition from other plants n animals Without Killing them

A

Parasitic

40
Q

Parasitic examples

A

Leech
Ticks
Lice
Cascuta
Tape worms

41
Q

Type of nutrition in Amer Bel

A

Parasitic

42
Q

Amoeba uses __ to engulf food

A

Pseudopodia

43
Q

Engulf of blood by amoeba process called e

A

Endocytosis

44
Q

Pseudopodia is an extention of

A

Cell membrane

45
Q

Engulf of food in paramecium done by

A

Cilia covers the whole body of paramecium

46
Q

Paramecium is unicellular

A
47
Q

In amoeba the food is broken down in __ n diffused in __

A

Food vacuoles
Cytoplasm

48
Q

Pseudopodia is temporary

A
49
Q

Alimentary canal or oesophagus extends to

A

Mouth to anus

50
Q

Oesophagus made of which kind of cell

A

Squamous epithelium tissue

51
Q

Salivary gland secretes

A

Salivary amylase

52
Q

Salivary amylase breaks down

A

Complex starch into simple sugar

53
Q

Which part shows peristaltic movement

A

Oesophagus

54
Q

1 St enzyme to be mixed in food

A

Salivary amylase

55
Q

Gastric glands in stomach secretes

A

HCL
Pepsin
Mucous

56
Q

The food is mixed with saliva by

A

Muscular tongue

57
Q

Peristaltic movement occur all across the __

A

Gut

58
Q

Food pipe also called

A

Oesophagus

59
Q

The __ helps in mixing food with digestive enzymes

A

Muscular walls of stomach

60
Q

Function of pepsin

A

Protein digestive enzyme

61
Q

Function of HCL

A

Activates pepsin

62
Q

Function of mucous

A

Protects stomach walls from hcl

63
Q

The exit of food from stomach is regulated by

A

Spinchter

64
Q

Spinchter function

A

Releasing food in small amts so that digestion takes completely

65
Q

Longest part of alimentary canal

A

Small intestine

66
Q

Food from stomach is

A

Partially digested or incomplete digested

67
Q

Cows have __ small intestine

A

Long small intestine due to cellulose

68
Q

Tigers have __small intestine

A

Short or small

69
Q

Site of complete digestion

A

Small intestine

70
Q

Site for absorption

A

Large intestine

71
Q

Small intestine receives secretion from

A

Liver n pancreas

72
Q

Bile juice functions

A

Activates pancreatic enzymes
Basic in nature
So makes the acidic food from stomach basic so that pancreatic juices can act
**Breaks down fat gobules in small intestine to increase enzyme efficiency

73
Q

Pancreas secrete

A

Trypsin
Lipase

74
Q

Trypsin

A

Protein digestion

75
Q

Lipase function

A

Breaks down emulsified fats

76
Q

*** intestinal juices secreted by small intestine walls converts

A

Protein to amino acid
Complex carbs to glucose
Fatty acids to glycerol

77
Q

Villi present in

A

Small intestine

78
Q

***Villi helps in

A

Increasing the surface area for absorption

Richly supplied with blood vessels so take up the digested food to each cell for obtaining energy
Repair
**Building new tissues

79
Q

Digested food is taken up by

A

Small intestine walls

80
Q

Unabsorbed food goes to

A

Large intestine

81
Q

Function of large intestine

A

Absorb more water

82
Q

Exit of waste material regulated by

A

Anal spinchter

Biology (8 decks)

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