Diffusion & gas exchange Flashcards
1
Q
Diffusion definition
A
- Diffusion is the net movement of particles form a high concentration to a low concentration - Passive process
—> Doesn’t require energy particles go along concentration gradient.
2
Q
Factors affecting the rate of diffusion
A
1- Temperature
2- Surface area
3- Concentration gradient
4- Distance
3
Q
Alveoli adaptations
A
- Thin - Short diffusion distance
- Large SA- Allows diffusion to occur effectively
- Good blood supply to maintain concentration gradient
4
Q
The ………. Diffuses from the plasma of the capilaries into the alveoli and is breathed out.
A
Carbon dioxide
5
Q
The ……….. diffuses from the alveoli into red bood cell and capillaries with the ……… to form ……….
A
Oxygen….. Haemoglobin … Oxyhaemoglobin
6
Q
Gas exchange:
A
Process of absorbtion inhaled atmospheric oxygen molecules into the bloodsteam into the atmosphere.
7
Q
Breathing
A
Process of taking air into and out of the lungs.
8
Q
Nasal System
A
- Heating air
- humidifying air becasue of slow air turnover in this region
- dust and particles are filltered by short thick hairs, vibrissae in the nasal cavity.
9
Q
Lining the Trachea
A
- Goblet cells -
- Ciliated cells
10
Q
Alveoli
A
- This is where gas exchange with the blood occurs.
- Oxygen diffuses into the blood form the alveoli
- Carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood into the alveoli
11
Q
Pleural Cavity
A
- Pleural Membrane
- Pleural Fluid
12
Q
Ribs
A
- Protects the lungs (clear)
13
Q
Intercostal muscles
A
- Found in between each rib,
helps control the movement of air in and out of the lungs. (shaded)
14
Q
Diaphragm
A
- Dome shaped muscle
- separating the content of the thorax from the abdomen
- controls the movement of air in and out of the lungs.
15
Q
Ventilation
A
- Moving air in and out of the lungs
- Different in air pressure
- Air moves from high pressure to low pressure.
