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Biology > Circulation > Flashcards

Circulation Flashcards

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1
Q

heart

A

Pumps oxygenised blood around the body

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2
Q

Blood vessel

A

carry blood away from the heart

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3
Q

Arteries

A
  • Carry blood away from the heart towards other organs
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4
Q

Veins

A

carry blood towards the heart

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5
Q

What is the function of the Capillaries?

A

carry blood through organs

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6
Q

Blood

A

a transport medium

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7
Q

How is this heart similar and different to humans?

A

Similar - has atrium

            - has a ventricle 
            - Blood enters via a vein and leave through artery

Difference- Only one valve

              - no septum 
             - fewer vessels
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8
Q

Arteries - is the blood oxygenated or deoxygenated

A

Oxygenated except pulmonary artery and umbilical artery

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9
Q

Arteries - blood pressure

A

high

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10
Q

Arteries - wall thickness

A

high

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11
Q

Arteries - lumen size

A

small

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12
Q

Arteries - valves present

A

no

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13
Q

Example of Arteries?

A

Aorta

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14
Q

Veins - is the blood usually oxygenated or deoxygenated?

A

Deoxygenated except pulmonary vein and umbilical vein

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15
Q

Veins- blood presure

A

Lowest

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16
Q

Veins - wall thickness

A

Thin

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17
Q

Veins - Lumen size

A

Larger

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18
Q

Are valves present in veins?

A

Yes

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19
Q

What is an example of a vein?

A

Vena cava

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20
Q

Capillary- blood direction

A

Between organs

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21
Q

Veins - blood direction

A

to the heart

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22
Q

Capilarites - blood oxyganated or deoxygenated

A

Oxygenated and deoxygenated

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23
Q

Capilaries - blood presuure

A

low

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24
Q

Capillaries - wall thickness

A

very thin

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25
Q

Capillaries - Lumen size

A

very small

26
Q

Capillaries - valves present?

A

no

27
Q

What is an example of a Capillary

A
  • Alveoli
28
Q

Which of the blood vessels carries blood containing the most oxygen

A

Aorta

29
Q

Which of the blood vessels carries blood at the lowest pressure?

A

Veins

30
Q

Which of these blood vessels is most suited for gas exchange? - explain your answer

A

capillary

  • because it is one cell thick
  • short diffusion distance
31
Q

What can destroy bacteria in the blood and circulatory system?

A

Plasma, platlets

32
Q

What can carries carbon dioxide in the blood and circulatory system?

A

Capillary and vein

33
Q

What Pumps blood around the body?

A

Heart

34
Q

Carries blood to organs in the blood and circulatory system?

A

arteries and capillaries

35
Q

What carries blood from the organs in the blood and circulatory system?

A

veins

36
Q

What carries oxygen in the blood and circulatory system?

A

red blood cells

37
Q

Name the type of blood vessel which has valves.

A

vein

38
Q

Compare the heart to other muscles in the body (i.e. what makes the heart muscle different to the rest of the body?)

A

it is made of cardiac muscle - never get tired - involuntary

39
Q

What does the word pulmonary mean?

A

related to the lungs

40
Q

What is the left and right side of the heart divided by?

A

septum

41
Q

Which side of the heart has a thicker muscular wall and why?

A

left - needs to pump blood at a higher pressure

42
Q

What is the role of valves?

A

to prevent backflow of blood

43
Q

Describe the Plasma

A

Liquid part of blood, mainly water

44
Q

Waht is the function of the plasma?

A
  • carries nutients (glucose, amino acids)
  • Carries waste product (carbon dioxide and water)
  • Distribute heat
45
Q

Describe the Platlets

A

the smallest cell

  • fragments of other cells
46
Q

What is the function of the platlets?

A

Release chemicals to make blood clot when we cut ourselves

47
Q

What bind to oxygen in our red blood cells?

A

Haemoglobin

48
Q

What are the function of coronary arteries?

A

supply the heart muscles with oxygen and nutrient

49
Q

What is the name of the vessel that oxygenated blood leaves the heart from?

A

Aorta

50
Q

What is the name of the vessel that deoxygenated blood leaves the heart from?

A

pulmonary artery

51
Q

Which blood vessel returns blood from the rest of the body to the heart?

A

vena cava

52
Q

What is unusual about the pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein?

A

arteries usually carry oxygenated blood where as the pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated/

vein usually deoxygenated where as the pulmonary vein carries oxygenated.

53
Q

Normal resting heat rate?

A

70bpm

54
Q

pulmonary circulation

A

deoxygenated blood is pumped to the lungs and oxygenated blood returns back to the heart

55
Q

Systemic circulation

A

oxygenised blood is pumped to all the organs of the body and deoxygenased blood returns back to the heart.

56
Q

Short term effect in exercise

A
  • increased rate of breathing

- increase in tidal volume

57
Q

Long term effect on exercise

A
  • strong diaphragm + intercostal muscles
  • increased number of alveoli
  • increased in vital capillary
  • increased gas exchange
  • more oxygen
  • more efficient removal of
    co2
58
Q

Hepatic portal vein

A

takes blood to the lungs

59
Q

hepatic vein

A

returns blood to the heart

60
Q

hepatic artery

A

oxygenated blood to the liver

Biology (7 decks)

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