Different Markers

Question 1

Name five functions of Shh

Answer 1

1. Used to posteriorize the notocord
2. Causes gradient of different cell types in neural tube
3. Contributes to posterior elonagation of neutrons
4. Expresses in the ZPA
5. Contributes to digit specification and formation

Question 2

Five functions of WNT

Answer 2

1. Needed for expression of internal female characteristics
2. Posterior portion of axis formation in gastrula
3. Helps form penis in males
4. Contributes to distalization of limbs
5. Dorsal factor for hand

Question 3

Five functions of FGF

Answer 3

1. Orientation of the embryo, anterior posterior
2. Stimulates production of Sox9, helps express male primary characteristics
3. Determines where limb bud will form
4. Determines distalization of limb development
5. Inhibits bone formation in hands

Question 4

Five functions of BMP

Answer 4

1. High levels in surface ectoderm, low in neural tube
2. Forms bone and cartilage
3. Regulates digit identity
4. Creates apoptosis between digits
5. When combined with Wnt, forms epidermis in blastocyst

Question 5

Define AER

Answer 5

Apical Ectodermal Ridge

Question 6

Define PZ

Answer 6

Progress Zone

Question 7

Define ZPA

Answer 7

Zone of Polarizing Activity

- located distally