Cleavage and Gastrulation

Question 1

What protein is associated with the different steps of the cell cycle?

Answer 1

Cyclin

Question 2

What is division of genetic material?

Answer 2

karyokinesis

Question 3

What is the division of cellular material

Answer 3

cytokinesis

Question 4

What are the two main types of cleavage?

Answer 4

Holoblastic (complete) and Meroblastic (incomplete) cleavage

Question 5

What are the two types of yolk distribution in holoblastic cleavage?

Answer 5

Isolecithal (sparce evenly distributed yolk)

Mesolecithal (moderate yolk distribution)

Question 6

What are the two types of yolk distribution in meroblastic cleavage?

Answer 6

1. Telolecithal
   (Dense yolk throughout most of cell0
2. Centrolecithal (Yolk in center of egg)

Question 7

What factors affect cleavage pattern?

Answer 7

1. yolk density

2. mitotic spindle position

Question 8

Define blastula

Answer 8

Hollow ball of cells

Question 9

Define blastocoel

Answer 9

inside of blastula/gastrula

Question 10

Define gastrula

Answer 10

Blastula that has undergone gastrulation, now has three layers.

Question 11

What does the midsagital plane divide?

Answer 11

Left from right

Question 12

What does the transverse plane divide?

Answer 12

anterior from posterior

Question 13

What does the horizontal plane divide

Answer 13

dorsal from ventral