Different Holism And Reductionism Approaches Fall On Different Sides Of The Debate Flashcards
Psychodynamic: by considering unconscious forces and childhood experiences
the psychodynamic approach is a relatively holistic approach
Psychodynamic: Freud emphasized that personality is the result of
interaction between different components such as the id and the ego - which is a more holistic view
Biological: all behaviors can be explained as
the product of biological influences like genetics, brain structure and brain chemistry
Biological: behavior being explained as a product of biological influences is
biological reductionism
Biological: it aims to establish
cause and effect but it focuses less on other influences of behavior
Cognitive: the brain’s cognitive processes are compared to the workings of a computer
machine reductionism - there is input, various stages of processing and then an output
Cognitive: this is reductionist because
it doesn’t explain why humans function differently to computers
Behaviorist: all human behavior is shaped by
the environment through the processes of classical and operant conditioning
Behaviorist: learning through classical and operant conditioning is known as
environmental (stimulus-response) reductionism
Humanistic: the approach is holistic because
it studies the individual in context and tries to understand their subjective experiences
Humanistic: it uses self-report techniques, rather then
breaking down behavior into its component parts
Humanistic: Humanistic psychologists disagree with
reducing behavior to cause and effect reactions
the psychological appraoches
Psychodynamic - Holistic Biological - reductionism Cognitive - reductionsim Behaviorist - reductionism Humanist - holistic
Psychodynamic
holistic
biological
reductionsim
