Dieta Flashcards

1
Q

In sarcina cate calorii in plus necesita in plus?

A

300 kcal/zi

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2
Q

In perioada de lactatie cate calorii necesita in plus?

A

500kcal/zi

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3
Q

Care este impartirea standard pt alimentele

A

50-55% Glucide
20-30% Lipide
15-20% Proteine

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4
Q

Cate mese se recomanda la pacientii?

A

5 mese pt ADO
6 mese pt insulinotrati
–> 3 mese principale + 2-3 gustari

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5
Q

Execitiul fizic ofera ce beneficii asupra corpul?

A
  1. creşte sensibilitatea celulelor musculare la insulină
  2. creşte numărul transportorilor de glucoză GLUT 4
  3. scădere în greutate prin diminuarea ţesutului adipos
  4. ameliorează controlul glicemic şi dislipidemia (scade trigliceridele, creşte HDL-colesterolul)
  5. creşte tonusul psihic
  6. ameliorează calitatea vieţii
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6
Q

Hormonii de stres ce efecte asupra glicimiei au?

A

Sunt hiperglicemiante

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7
Q

Ce grupa de medicamente este Metforminul?

A

Biguanide

Ci <45 eGFR

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8
Q

Care sunt efectele ale Metforminul?

A
1. Scade Gluconeogeneza
(↓Scade actiunea glucagonului)
2. Scade glicogenoliza
(↓ G6Paza)
3. Scade lipogeneza

A) Creste captarea glucozei

B) Creste glicogeneza

C) Creste oxidarea glucozei

D) Creste translocarea GLUT4 si activarea

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9
Q

Careeste eficienta Metformin ca medicament:

A

Scade hemoglobina glicata cu 1-2%
Nu produce hipoglicemie
Greutate neutru sau scade
Scade TG
Efect vasoprotector
Scade riscul de IM cu 39% in 10 ani (UKPDS)
Poate fi asociat cu orice alt antidiabetic inclusiv insulina

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