Diet And Exercise Flashcards
WHY DO WE NEED A BALANCED DIET
we need a balanced diet to maintain good health
NAME THE 6 MAIN FOOD TYPES
- carbohydrates
- fats
- protein
- vitamins
- minerals
- fibres
HOW DO CARBOHYDRATES HELP? Give an example of types of food contains this
• pasta, cereals, potatoes
It provides quick energy, 60% of our diet should comprise “carbs”
HOW DO FATS HELP?
give an example of what food this is found in
• oils, dairy products, nuts, fish
It provides slow energy, 25% of our diet should be fat
HOW DO PROTEINS HELP?
give an example of what food it is found
• meat, pulses and fish
Builds and repairs muscles we only need 15% of our diet to be protein
HOW DO VITAMINS HELP?
give an example
• fresh vegetables and fruit
Helps the body work, it helps concentration
A - for vision
B - energy production and stress reduction
C - to keep skin healthy
D - to help bones and teeth
HOW DO MINERALS HELP
Give an example of where it is found
• fruit, vegetables and fish
Helps release energy from food. It helps decision making
E.g
Calcium to strengthen bones
Iodine for energy production
Iron prevents fatigue
HOW DO FIBRES HELP
Give examples of where it is found
• fresh fruit, vegetables and whole grain cereals
Can’t be digested and fills you up and keeps you “regular”
WHAT IS A BALANCED DIET
A diet that contains the proper proportions of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitals and minerals necessary to maintain good health
WHAT IS MALNUTRITION
Malnutrition or malnourishment is a condition that results from eating a diet in which nutrients aren’t enough or are too much such that the diet causes health problem
HOW MIGHT MALNUTRITION HAPPEN
cause, medical, social
Cause — inadequate diet or problems absorbing nutrients from food
Medical conditions — a condition that caused a lack of appetite such as cancer and liver disease
Mental health conditions such as depression which may affect your ability to look after yourself
social factors — limited knowledge
MEDICAL CONSEQUENCES OF MALNUTRITION
- Rickets - too little Vitamin D in your diet will lead to this, improper growth of skeleton
- Type 2 diabetes
- Respiratory failure
- Organ failure
- Fertility problems
CONSEQUENCES OF MALNUTRITION (WEIGHT)
Too little food would result in a person being underweight
Too much food would result in a person become over weight
WHAT IS BODY MASS?
If someone’s diet consists of food with lower energy content than the amount of energy their body uses, the person will lose body mass
WHAT IS METABOLIC RATE
The metabolic rate is the speed at which such chemical reactions take place in the body
WHAT FACTORS VARY METABOLIC RATE
- age
- gender
- inherited factors
Also
Proportion of muscle to fat in the body
Amount of exercise and other physical activity
WHAT IS RESPIRATION
Respiration is a chemical reaction that allows cells to release energy from food
WHEN IS METABOLIC RATE INCREASED
The metabolic rate increases as we exercise and stays higher for a while after.
People who exercise are usually healthier than those who don’t
HOW DOES CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN THE BLOOD AFFECT HEALTH
Cholesterol is made in the liver and is needed for healthy cell membranes
• too much cholesterol in the blood increases the risk of heart disease and diseased arteries
WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF PEOPLE WHO EXERCISE REGULARLY
- reduces the risk of major illnesses such as heart disease, strokes and type 2 diabetes by 50%
- helps you manage your weight
- reduces high blood pressure
EFFECTS OF PEOPLE WHO DON’T EXERCISE
- low metabolic rate
* higher risk of diabetes
