Diarrhoeal Disease 3

Question 1

what is short chain fatty acids absorption dependant on and where does it occur

Answer 1

SCFA absorption is concentration dependent and occurs most readily in
the proximal colon

Question 2

what are the 3 SCFA present in the colonic lumen

Answer 2

acetate, propionate and butyrate)

Question 3

which one of the 3 SCFA is most important and why

Answer 3

butyrate is the most important physiologically

• Butyrate serves as a major source of energy for human colonocytes and plays a crucial role in colonocyte growth and differentiation
• Butyrate produces a twofold increase in Na+ absorption

Question 4

How do motility disorders cause diarrhoea and give examples

Answer 4

Disorders in motility can accelerate transit time which decrease absorption, resulting in diarrhea. e.g.

• Diabetes mellitus
• Post surgical

Question 5

Diarrhoeal disease can be caused by: (True or false)

Interruption of fluid absorption by enterocytes in the small intestine

Answer 5

True

Question 6

Diarrhoeal disease can be caused by: (True or false)

Loss of intestinal epithelial cells compromising impermeability to fluid

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Diarrhoeal disease can be caused by: (True or false)

Enterotoxins that loosen the binding between cells

Answer 7

True

Question 8

Diarrhoeal disease can be caused by: (True or false)

Chloride ion and fluid secretion from the enterocytes

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Diarrhoeal disease can be caused by: (True or false)

Excessive small intestinal fluid absorption

Answer 9

False

Question 10

Sustained Diarrhoeal disease can cause: (True or False)

An increase in plasma potassium ion concentration

Answer 10

False

Question 11

Sustained Diarrhoeal disease can cause: (True or False)
Loss of potassium ion in the stool and
Loss of bicarbonate ion in the stool

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Sustained Diarrhoeal disease can cause: (True or False)

Acidosis of the blood

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Sustained Diarrhoeal disease can cause: (True or False)

Enhancement of plasma bicarbonate ion concentration

Answer 13

False

Question 14

Sustained Diarrhoeal disease can cause: (True or False)

High blood plasma pH

Answer 14

True

Question 15

Concerning normal and abnormal fluid movement: (True or False)
Cells from the crypts of Lieberkühn are assumed to secrete fluid

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Concerning normal and abnormal fluid movement: (True or False)
The combination of crypt cell secretion and villus cell absorption is called the
fluid circuit hypothesis

Answer 16

True

Question 17

Concerning normal and abnormal fluid movement: (True or False)
Chloride ion is assumed to be the ion that is secreted by the enterocytes

Answer 17

False

Question 18

Concerning normal and abnormal fluid movement: (True or False)
When fluid is absorbed or secreted, water movement is in response to
locally produced osmotic gradients

Answer 18

True

Question 19

Concerning normal and abnormal fluid movement: (True or False)
The rate of delivery of fluid to the colon cannot overwhelm the colonic
capacity to absorb fluid

Answer 19

False

Question 20

Concerning normal and abnormal fluid movement: (True or False)
No more than 2 litres of fluid are presented to the colon per day

Answer 20

True