diagnostic tools Flashcards

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1
Q

x ray:

A

high energy radiation that PENETRATES skin and tissues (not metals or bone)

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2
Q

radiologist

A

doctor that diagnoses diseases (thru abnormalities in radiographs)

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3
Q

radiographs can be used to detect: (issa rap)

A

broken bones, kidney stones, tumours

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4
Q

mammogram:

A

uses x rays to check breast tissue for cancer

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5
Q

advantages of using x rays

A
  • quick
  • virtually painless
  • not invasive
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6
Q

disadvantages of x rays

A

can cause mutations to DNA

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7
Q

how can patients protect themselves

A

part of body will be covered w protective LEAD APRON. thickness can’t be penetrated

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8
Q

x rays: how can technicians protect themselves

A

may wear lead aprons or go behind walls (PROTECT FROM EXPOSURE)

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9
Q

radioGRAPH vs x ray

A

x ray is the photon of energy

radiograph is the procured image

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10
Q

fluoroscopy:

A

used x rays and a FLUORESCENT screen for moving images of internal structures

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11
Q

fluoroscopy: what contrast liquid patient must ingest

A

barium or iodine for organ to be shown clearly

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12
Q

angiogram:

A

shows images of blood vessels.

inject dye, blood flow is visualized

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13
Q

CORONARY angiogram vs CEREBRAL angiogram

A

coronary (coeur): narrowing of arteries, visualize blood flow
cerebral (cerveau): blockages in blood vessels to brain

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14
Q

blockages in blood vessels to the brain can lead to:

A

a stroke

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15
Q

how is radiation used to treat cancer

A

beam of x rays directed at tumor.

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16
Q

radiation vs x rays

A

radiation has minimal damage to healthy normal cell

17
Q

radiation therapy/radiotherapy:

A

damages DNA and stops cells from multiplying

18
Q

how does an ultrasound produce images of body tissues and organs

A

high frequency sound waves

19
Q

why are the stomach and intestines not viewed with ultrasound

A

images can be blurred by presence of gas or air

20
Q

three uses of ultrasound imaging

A
  • study developing fetus
  • guide a needle biopsy
  • diagnose heart problems
21
Q

CT stands for

A

computed tomography

22
Q

CT (rhymes with __) scan vs simple x ray

A

produces 3D image from series of images at different angles. detailed view of structures.

23
Q

MRI stands for

A

magnetic resonance imaging

24
Q

how does an MRI produce detailed body images

A

powerful magnets and radiowaves

25
Q

what does a CT diagnose

A

cancer, vascular diseases, skeletal abnormalities

26
Q

why is a CT used frequently in the ER

A

quick, painless, provides detailed info

27
Q

MRI: a magnetic field is generated and interacts with what element in the body?

A

hydrogen (body is mostly water)

28
Q

two areas of the body an MRI can assess

A

brain and heart

🧠 ❤️

29
Q

NUCLEAR MEDICINE: radioisotope:

A

isotope that emits radiation

30
Q

what radioisotope treats thyroid cancer

A

iodine- 131

31
Q

BIOPHOTONICS: three procedures that utilize photonics

A

gastroscopy and colonoscopy (bright light and video camera)

endoscope surgery (gallbladder removal with camera and surgical instruments)