DIAGNOSTIC EXAM: MODULE 2 Flashcards by Arabel Bantan

Terpenoids are a range of compounds based on isoprene units. Molecular formula of isoprene is:

a. CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3
b. CH2=C(CH3)-CH=CH-CH3
c. CH2=CH-CH=CH2
d. CH2=C(CH3)-CH=CH2

d. CH2=C(CH3)-CH=CH2

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Scientific Name of Tawa Tawa

a. Cassia nodosus
b. Antidesma bunius
c. Euphorbia milii
d. Chamaesyce hirta

c. Euphorbia milii

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Scientific Name of Bignay

a. Cassia nodosus
b. Antidesma bunius
c. Euphorbia milii
d. Chamaesyce hirta

b. Antidesma bunius

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From 1954 to 1962, the live attenuated forms of this vaccine were prepared in primary cultures of Rhesus Monkey kidney cells.

a. Polio
b. Influenza
c. Rabies
d. Hepatitis A

a. Polio

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Deficiency of this vitamin causes Pellagra, marked by dementia, diarrhea, and dermatitis, also known as “the three Ds”.

a. Thiamine
b. Riboflavin
c. Niacin
d. Pathothenic acid
e. Folic Acid

c. Niacin

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Which of the following is true about Cinchona:

a. Cinchona succirubra contains Yellow Bark while Cinchona calisaya contains Red Bark
b. Quinine is used as antimalarial.
c. Quinidine is previously used as antimalarial but currently used as Class IC Anti-arrhythmic
d. Cinchonidine is the parent alkaloid of Quinine. Cinchonine is the parent alkaloid of Quinidine..

b. Quinine is used as antimalarial.

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The antihypertensive agent obtained from Rauwolfia serpentina contains what type of alkaloid?

A. Indole
B. Isoquinoline
C. Tropane
D. Pyridine-Piperidine

A. Indole

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All alkaloids are solid except

a. Coniine
b. Arecoline
c. Nicotine
d. Sparteine
e. All of the above

e. All of the above

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Odd Man Out

a. Lagerstroemia speciosa: Diabetes
b. Peperomia pellucida: Gout
c. Momordica charantia: Diabetes
d. Ehretia microphylla: Antiurolithiasis

d. Ehretia microphylla: Antiurolithiasis

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Which of the following is incorrectly paired with its amino acid source?

A. Quinoline: Tyrosine
B. Tropane: Ornithine
C. Imidazole: Histidine
D. Indole: Tryptophan

A. Quinoline: Tyrosine

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Has a role in fruit ripening

I. Auxin
II. Gibberellin
III. Cytokinin
IV. Abscisic Acid
V. Ethylene

V. Ethylene

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Discovered by Japanese workers in connection with the “bakanae” disease of rice, in which affected plants become excessively tall and are unable to support themselves.

I. Auxin
II. Gibberellin
III. Cytokinin
IV. Abscisic Acid
V. Ethylene

II. Gibberellin

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The pathologic product of sperm whales used as base notes for perfume.

A. Spermaceti
B. Ambergris
C. Musk
D. Civet

D. Civet

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Promotes cell division and delays senescence

I. Auxin
II. Gibberellin
III. Cytokinin
IV. Abscisic Acid
V. Ethylene

III. Cytokinin

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This refers to the pathway to form IPP and DMAPP from Acetyl-CoA as building blocks:

A. Shikimic Acid Pathway
B. Mevalonic Acid Pathway
C. MEP Pathway
D. Acetate-Malonate Pathway

B. Mevalonic Acid Pathway

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Which of the following Volatile Oil/s is/are NOT obtained via Steam Distillation:

A. Peppermint
B. Clove Oil
C. Spearmint
D. Two of the choices above

B. Clove Oil

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Which of the following statements is true:
A. The MEP pathway is present in most higher
eukaryotes and some bacteria
B. The MEV Pathway is present in plants, most bacteria, and some protozoa
C. The first step of the MEP Pathway converts the precursors pyruvate and glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate to Xylose-5-Phosphate
D. In the MEV Pathway, mevalonate is formed from 3-hydroxy-3-metylglutaryl CoA, which is derived from Acetyl CoA and acetoacetyl CoA

D. In the MEV Pathway, mevalonate is formed from 3-hydroxy-3-metylglutaryl CoA, which is derived from Acetyl CoA and acetoacetyl CoA

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Which of the following statements is true:

A. True Alkaloids originate from amino acids and contain non-heterocyclic rings.
B. Protoalkaloids originate from non-amino acids and contain heterocyclic rings.
C. Protoalkaloids originate from amino acids and contain non-heterocyclic rings.
D. Pseudoalkaloids originate from amino acids and contain non-heterocyclic rings.
E. Pseudoalkaloids originate from non-amino acids and contain non-heterocyclic rings.

C. Protoalkaloids originate from amino acids and contain non-heterocyclic rings.

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The following statements is/are true EXCEPT:

A. The belladonna alkaloids are most abundant in the plant after the fruits have ripened
B. The principal solanaceous alkaloids are hyoscyamine, atropine, and scopolamine
C. Atropine and scopolamine are competitive with acetylcholine at postganglionic synapse of the parasympathetic nervous system producing anti- spasmodic effect.
D. Scopolamine is also known as hyoscyamine, and atropine is also known as hyoscine.

D. Scopolamine is also known as hyoscyamine, and atropine is also known as hyoscine.

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Methods of Extraction in which gentle heat is applied:

A. Infusion
B. Maceration
C. Percolation
D. Digestion
E. Decoction

D. Digestion

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German Pharmacist who obtained an impure alkaloid from Atropa belladonna fam. Solanaceae

A. Robiquet
B. Serturner
C. Fluckinger
D. Brandes
E. Caventou

D. Brandes

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Select the pairs that are incorrectly matched

A. Aldehyde - Citrus limon
B. Aldehyde – Cinnamomum cassia
C. Phenolic Ether – Eugenia caryopphyllus
D. Ketone – Cinnamomum camphora

C. Phenolic Ether – Eugenia caryopphyllus

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Select the pairs that are correctly matched

A. Belladonna – spasmolytic agent
B. Coca – local anesthetic
C. Stramonium – spasmolytic agent
D. Atropa belladonna – antisialogogue
E. ALL of the ABOVE

E. ALL of the ABOVE

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Which of the following nutraceutical matches its use:

A. Licorice – Antihypertensive
B. Echinaceae - Aphrodisiac
C. Licorice – Antidiabetic
D. Soybean Oil - Antihypertensive

C. Licorice – Antidiabetic

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Which of the following is FALSE except: A. Cinchona tests positive in Thalleioquin test manifested by blue fluorescence → green ppt B. Theophylline tests positive in Tannic Acid test manifested by black heavy ppt C. Opium tests positive in Marquis test manifested by green solution D. Strychnine tests positive in Mandelic Acid test manifested by orange solution.

A. Cinchona tests positive in Thalleioquin test manifested by blue fluorescence → green ppt

identify the gums and mucilages described and match with their appropriate classifications. Gum used as chocolate substitute I. Tree or shrub exudate II. Seed Gum III. Marine Gum IV. Microbial Gum V. Plant extractive

II. Seed Gum

identify the gums and mucilages described and match with their appropriate classifications. Most Fetid Gum I. Tree or shrub exudate II. Seed Gum III. Marine Gum IV. Microbial Gum V. Plant extractive

I. Tree or shrub exudate

identify the gums and mucilages described and match with their appropriate classifications. Extract of the inner portion of the rind of citrus fruits and apple pomace I. Tree or shrub exudate II. Seed Gum III. Marine Gum IV. Microbial Gum V. Plant extractive

V. Plant extractive

identify the gums and mucilages described and match with their appropriate classifications. Has pseudoplastic activity produced by Xanthomonas campestris through fermentation of simple sugars I. Tree or shrub exudate II. Seed Gum III. Marine Gum IV. Microbial Gum V. Plant extractive

IV. Microbial Gum

identify the gums and mucilages described and match with their appropriate classifications. Principal component of cell walls of brown seaweed I. Tree or shrub exudate II. Seed Gum III. Marine Gum IV. Microbial Gum V. Plant extractive

III. Marine Gum

identify the glycosides described and match with their appropriate classifications. Anti-arrhythmic from Digitalis sp. I. Cardiac Glycosides II. Aldehyde III. Lactone IV. Phenol V. Flavonols

I. Cardiac Glycosides

identify the glycosides described and match with their appropriate classifications. Hepatoprotective from Sylbum marianum I. Cardiac Glycosides II. Aldehyde III. Lactone IV. Phenol V. Flavonols

V. Flavonols

identify the glycosides described and match with their appropriate classifications. Flavoring agent from Vanilla planifolia I. Cardiac Glycosides II. Aldehyde III. Lactone IV. Phenol V. Flavonols

II. Aldehyde

identify the glycosides described and match with their appropriate classifications. Astringent and diuretic from Arctostaphylos uva ursi I. Cardiac Glycosides II. Aldehyde III. Lactone IV. Phenol V. Flavonols

IV. Phenol

identify the glycosides described and match with their appropriate classifications. Photosensitizing agent for treatment of psoriasis and vitiligo I. Cardiac Glycosides II. Aldehyde III. Lactone IV. Phenol V. Flavonols

III. Lactone

match the compound specified with their resin/resin combination classification: Major Component of Compound Benzoin Tincture I. Resin II. Oleoresin III. Oleo-Gum-Resin IV. Balsams

IV. Balsams

match the Fixed Oils with their identification test: Sesame Seed A. Halphen Bevan B. Baudoin Test C. Serger’s Test D. Murexide Test

B. Baudoin Test

match the Fixed Oils with their identification test: Coconut Oil A. Halphen Bevan B. Baudoin Test C. Serger’s Test D. Murexide Test

C. Serger’s Test

match the Fixed Oils with their identification test: Cottonseed Oil A. Halphen Bevan B. Baudoin Test C. Serger’s Test D. Murexide Test

A. Halphen Bevan

match the compound specified with their resin/resin combination classification: Mask bitter taste of Quinine through paralysis of tastebuds I. Resin II. Oleoresin III. Oleo-Gum-Resin IV. Balsams

I. Resin

In patients with phenylketonuria, which non-essential amino acid becomes essential and must therefore be supplied in the diet A. Tyrosine B. Alanine C. Proline D. Phenylalanine

A. Tyrosine

match the compound specified with their resin/resin combination classification: Used as stringent ingredient of Astring-o-sol and embalming agent I. Resin II. Oleoresin III. Oleo-Gum-Resin IV. Balsams

III. Oleo-Gum-Resin

match the compound specified with their resin/resin combination classification: Most Fetid Resin I. Resin II. Oleoresin III. Oleo-Gum-Resin IV. Balsams

III. Oleo-Gum-Resin

Identify to which alkaloid classification Ipecac belongs. A. Tropane B. Isoquinoline C. Quinoline D. Pyridine-Piperidine

B. Isoquinoline

Which of the following amino acids is purely ketogenic A. Phenylalanine B. Leucine C. Threonine D. Isoleucine

B. Leucine

The Hopkins Cole reaction, also known as Glyoxylic Acid Reaction, is a chemical test used for the detection of which amino acid A. Trp B. His C. Tyr D. Arg

A. Trp

What is the isoelectric point for a basic amino acid the following pKa values: pKa1 = 1.82 pKa2 = 9.17 pKa3 = 6.0 A. 3.91 B. 5.50 C. 5.66 D. 7.59

D. 7.59

The amino acid precursor of nitric oxide is A. Glu B. Asn C. Arg D. Ser

C. Arg

Which of the following statements is true A. In most cases, polypeptide chain subunits of quaternary structures are held together by covalent bonds B. The tertiary structure of a water soluble protein has a surface formed of amino acids with hydrophobic side chains and an interior formed largely of amino acids with hydrophilic side chains C. The primary structure is the local spatial arrangement of the main chain atoms in a selected segment of a polypeptide chain D. The hydrophobic interactions between the interior residues are the driving force for the formation

D. The hydrophobic interactions between the interior residues are the driving force for the formation

D-ribose and L-ribose are: A. Enantiomers B. Diastereomers C. Anomers D. Epimers

A. Enantiomers

D-ribose and D-xylose are: A. Enantiomers B. Diastereomers C. Anomers D. Epimers

D. Epimers

D-ribose and D-ribulose are: A. Enantiomers B. Functional Isomers C. Anomers D. Epimers

B. Functional Isomers

Match the following classes of enzymes with the corresponding challenges that they overcome using different catalytic strategies. Promotes a reaction that is almost immeasurably slow at neutral pH in the absence of a catalyst A. Chymotrypsin B. Carbonic anhydrase C. Restriction endonuclease D. Myosin

A. Chymotrypsin

Match the following classes of enzymes with the corresponding challenges that they overcome using different catalytic strategies. Achieves a high absolute rate of reaction, suitable for integration with other rapid physiological processes A. Chymotrypsin B. Carbonic anhydrase C. Restriction endonuclease D. Myosin

B. Carbonic anhydrase

Match the following classes of enzymes with the corresponding challenges that they overcome using different catalytic strategies. Attains a very high level of specificity A. Chymotrypsin B. Carbonic anhydrase C. Restriction endonuclease D. Myosin

C. Restriction endonuclease

Match the following classes of enzymes with the corresponding challenges that they overcome using different catalytic strategies. Utilizes the free energy associated with the hydrolysis of ATP to drive other processes A. Chymotrypsin B. Carbonic anhydrase C. Restriction endonuclease D. Myosin

D. Myosin

Which structural form of DNA is a left-handed helix formed by stretches of alternating purines and pyrimidines A. A-DNA B. B-DNA C. Y-DNA D. Z-DNA

D. Z-DNA

A mutation in the middle of an open reading frame that creates a stop codon is called: A. Silent Mutation B. Frameshift Mutation C. Missense Mutation D. Nonsense Mutation

D. Nonsense Mutation

The following statements are TRUE except: A. Fabry disease is caused by deficient Hexosaminidase A. B. Gaucher Disease is the most common type of LSD C. Metachromatic leukodystrophy is characterized by the accumulation of sulfatides in cells. D. Niemann-Pick disease is caused by deficient sphingomyelinase

A. Fabry disease is caused by deficient Hexosaminidase A.

If a sample of DNA contains 30% of Thymine, what percentage of Cytosine is present in the sample? A. 20% B. 30% C. 60% D. 70%

A. 20%

Most sensitive to Alkylation A. Adenine B. Guanine C. Cytosine D. Thymine E. Uracil

B. Guanine

Odd Man Out A. Leading Strand B. Lagging Strand C. Okazaki Fragments D. Telomeres

A. Leading Strand

The sequence of an mRNA strand is as follows: 5’-AUGAACAG-3’ What is the sequence of the DNA coding strand? A. 3’-TACTTGTC-5’ B. 5’-TACTTGTC-3’ C. 5’-ATGAACAG-3’ D. 3’-ATGAACAG-5’

C. 5’-ATGAACAG-3’

Which of the following is NOT a phospholipid? A. Lecithin B. Sphingomyelin C. Cardiolipin D. Galactosylceramide

D. Galactosylceramide

Which of the following statements are FALSE regarding post-transcriptional modification of RNA: A. A 7-MG Cap is attached to the 5’-end of mRNA B. A long poly-A tail is attached to the 3’-end of mRNA C. The splicing of mRNA isied out by spliceosomes, which consist of small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles D. During splicing, introns are removed and exons are joined together E. NOTA

E. NOTA

Fats are: A. Carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated. B. Esters formed from glycerol and three fatty acid groups C. Esters of long-chain fatty acids with high MW monohydric alcohols. D. Sterol biosynthesized by all animal cells and is an essential structural component of animal cell membranes

B. Esters formed from glycerol and three fatty acid groups

The major phospholipid by mass in the cell membrane is: A. Phosphatidylcholine B. Phosphatidylethanolamine C. Diphosphatidyl glycerol D. Phosphatidylinositol

A. Phosphatidylcholine

The following statements are TRUE except: A. Fatty Acids are amphipathic B. The configuration of double bonds in most unsaturated fatty acids is CIS. C. Short chain length and unsaturation decrease the fluidity of Fatty Acids D. Linolenic Acid is an essential ω-3 fatty acid

C. Short chain length and unsaturation decrease the fluidity of Fatty Acids

This is also called the Embden-Mayerhoff Pathway A. Citric Acid Cycle B. Pentose Phosphate Pathway C. Glycolysis D. Lipolysis E. Urea Cycle

C. Glycolysis

Which one of the following metabolites is used by all cells for glycolysis, glycogen synthesis, and the hexose monophosphate shunt pathway? A. Glucose-1-phosphate B. Glucose-6-phosphate C. UDP-Glucose D. Fructose-6-phosphate E. Phosphoenolpyruvate

B. Glucose-6-phosphate

Match the glycogen storage disease with its corresponding deficient enzyme Skeletal Muscle Glycogen Phosphorylase A. GSD 0 B. Andersen C. McArdle D. Pompe Disease E. Forbes Disease

C. McArdle

Match the glycogen storage disease with its corresponding deficient enzyme Alpha-1,6-Glucosidase A. GSD 0 B. Andersen C. McArdle D. Pompe Disease E. Forbes Disease

E. Forbes Disease

Acid maltase A. GSD 0 B. Von Gierke C. Pompe Disease D. Hers

C. Pompe Disease

Which of the following processes occur in the cytoplasm A. Ketogenesis B. PPP C. TCA D. B-Oxidation

B. PPP

match the enzyme with the reaction it catalyzes Pyruvate→Acetyl CoA A. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex B. Pyruvate carboxylase C. Lactate dehydrogenase D. Pyruvate decarboxylase E. NOTA

A. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complexA. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

match the enzyme with the reaction it catalyzes Pyruvate→Lactate A. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex B. Pyruvate carboxylase C. Lactate dehydrogenase D. Pyruvate decarboxylase E. NOTA

Lactate dehydrogenase

match the enzyme with the reaction it catalyzes Pyruvate→Oxaloacetate A. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex B. Pyruvate carboxylase C. Lactate dehydrogenase D. Pyruvate decarboxylase E. NOTA

Pyruvate carboxylase

match the enzyme with the reaction it catalyzes Pyruvate→Ethanol A. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex B. Pyruvate carboxylase C. Lactate dehydrogenase D. Pyruvate decarboxylase E. NOTA

D. Pyruvate decarboxylase

Which of the following are NOT true regarding the fatty acid Caprylic Acid I. It is a 10C FA, considered a medium chain FA II. Monocarboxylic Acid III. Its hydrophobic character is conferred by the carboxyl group IV. It contains an even number of carbons A. III only B. II, III C. I, III D. III, IV

C. I, III

Lecithin is an example of: A. Phospholipid B. Terpene C. Glyceryl Ester D. Sphingolipids

A. Phospholipid

Bond that connects the sugar and the base A. Phosphoanhydride B. Phosphodiester C. Phosphoester D. N-glycosidic

D. N-glycosidic

How many ATP will B-oxidation of Lignoceric Acid yield? A. 134 ATP B. 148 ATP C. 162 ATP D. 176 ATP

C. 162 ATP

identify the missing substrates and enzymes of Kreb’s Cycle Citrate → isocitrate A. Citrate Isomerase B. Aconitase C. Citrate Mutase D. Isocitrate synthase

B. Aconitase

identify the missing substrates and enzymes of Kreb’s Cycle isocitrate → a-ketoglutarate A. Alpha-ketoglutarate synthase B. Isocitrate hydrogenase C. Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase D. Isocitrate dehydrogenase

D. Isocitrate dehydrogenase

identify the missing substrates and enzymes of Kreb’s Cycle fumarate → succinate A. Succinase B. Succinate Dehydrogenase C. Fumarate Synthase D. Fumarate Dehydrogenase

B. Succinate Dehydrogenase

DIAGNOSTIC EXAM: MODULE 2 Flashcards

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