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Review > BIOCHEM > Flashcards

BIOCHEM Flashcards

IDENTIFICATION

1
Q

What amino acids confer rigidity to
the collagen structure to give it it’s tensile strength?

A

Proline (P)

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2
Q

What amino acids is important in collagen crosslinking, making the collagen insoluble in solvents

A

Lysine (K)

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3
Q

AA that is the precursor for GABA (Gamma
Amino Butyric Acid)

A

Glutamate (E)

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4
Q

An amino acids that is known to be the committed & rate limiting step in heme synthesis.

A

Glycine (G)

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5
Q

Refers to be the collection of entire genetic information of an organism?

A

Genome

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6
Q

Basic unit of heredity

A

Gene

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7
Q

Glycogen Storage Diseases Type 0 is also known as?

A

NONE

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8
Q

Glycogen Storage Diseases Type Ia is also known as?

A

Von Gierke Disease

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9
Q

Glycogen Storage Diseases Type Ib is also known as?

A

NONE

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9
Q

Glycogen Storage Diseases Type VI is also known as?

A

Hers’ Disease

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10
Q

Glycogen Storage Diseases Type IV is also known as?

A

Andersen’s Disease

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11
Q

Glycogen Storage Diseases Type II is also known as?

A

Pompe Disease

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12
Q

Glycogen Storage Diseases Type III is also known as?

A

Cori or Forbe’s Disease

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13
Q

Glycogen Storage Diseases Type V is also known as?

A

McArdle’s Disease

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14
Q

Glycogen Storage Diseases Type VII is also known as?

A

Tarui’s Disease

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15
Q

Give the enzyme deficient of type 0 glycogen storage disease

A

Glycogen Synthase

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16
Q

Give the enzyme deficient of type Ia glycogen storage disease

A

Glucose 6 Phosphatase

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17
Q

Give the enzyme deficient of type Ib glycogen storage disease

A

Glucose 6 Phosphate Translocase

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18
Q

Give the enzyme deficient of type II glycogen storage disease

A

Lysosomal Alpha(1,4) Glucosidase

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19
Q

Give the enzyme deficient of type III glycogen storage disease

A

Glycogen De branching Enzyme

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20
Q

Give the enzyme deficient of type IV glycogen storage disease

A

Glycogen Branching Enzyme

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21
Q

Give the enzyme deficient of type V glycogen storage disease

A

Muscle Glycogen Phosphorylase

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22
Q

Give the enzyme deficient of type VI glycogen storage disease

A

Liver Glycogen Phosphorylase ; Muscle Phosphoglycerate Mutase

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23
Q

Give the enzyme deficient of type VII glycogen storage disease

A

Muscle Phosphofructokinase

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24
Q

What pyrimidine bases can only be found
in the RNA and not in DNA?

A

Uracil (U)

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25
Q

What pyrimidine bases can only be found
in the DNA and not in RNA?

A

Thymine (T)

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26
Q

What pyrimidine bases is present in both DNA and RNA

A

Cytosine (C)

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27
Q

It is known to be the bond between the Oxygen part of the Phosphate group and the Pentose Sugar in pairs of Nucleotides. What is the bond called?

A

Phosphodiester Bond

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28
Q

Vitamins that is important to prevent pellagra

A

vitamin B3 (Niacin)

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29
Q

Vitamins that is important to prevent scurvy

A

Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid)

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30
Q

Vitamine B9 is also called

A

Folic acid

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31
Q

This vitamin is important to prevent Beri-beri

A

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)

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32
Q

This vitamin is important to prevent megoblastic anemia

A

Vitamin B9 (Folic acid)

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33
Q

Vitamin B12 is also called?

A

cobalamin

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34
Q

Which water soluble vitamin is known to be Vitamin B5?

A

Pantothenic Acid

35
Q

Which carbohydrate metabolism that happens when glucagon levels are high?

A

Gluconeogenesis

36
Q

A carbohydrate metabolism that involves in the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources

A

Gluconeogenesis

37
Q

What do you call the breakdown of glucose

A

Glycolysis

38
Q

What do you call the synthesis of Glycogen, are both promoted by high insulin levels.

A

Glycogenesis

39
Q

Which genetic disorder is also known as
“Edwards’ syndrome”?

A

Trisomy 18

40
Q

The breakdown of Glycogen from storage to Glucose, and is stimulated by Glucagon too.

A

Glycogenolysis

41
Q

The following is the simplest monosaccharide
having the lowest number of carbon atoms in its structure?

A

Glyceraldehyde

42
Q

The inactive form of an enzyme is called?

A

Zymogen

43
Q

Review about the Organelles of the Cell: Sites of lipid or fatty acid synthesis

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

44
Q

Review about the Organelles of the Cell: Sites of protein synthesis

A

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

45
Q

Review about the Organelles of the Cell: “Suicides sacs” that contains hydrolytic enzymes

A

Lysosome

46
Q

Review about the Organelles of the Cell: Organ for protein synthesis

A

Ribosomes

47
Q

Review about the Organelles of the Cell: “Swimming pool of the cell” contains the different organelle

A

Cytosol

48
Q

Review about the Organelles of the Cell: Barrier of protection

A

Cell membrane

49
Q

Review about the Organelles of the Cell: Rigidity and Protection

A

Cell wall

50
Q

Review about the Organelles of the Cell: Storage site, post translational process of proteins

A

Golgi apparatus

51
Q

Which vitamin causes Red Blood Cell (RBC)
fragility when deficient in the body?

A

Vitamin E

52
Q

What vitamin is the precursor of Coenzyme A

A

vitamin B5

53
Q

In the process of DNA Replication, which enzyme is responsible in unwinding the double stranded DNA (dsDNA)?

A

Helicase

54
Q

This DNA polymerase remove RNA primers, fills in the gaps and repair

A

DNA polymerase I

55
Q

This DNA polymerase edit and proofread in the lagging strands

A

DNA polymerase II

56
Q

This DNA polymerase verifies the base pairing and adds new nucleotides to create one continuous strand in 5’ to 3’

A

DNA polymerase III

57
Q

In the process of DNA Replication, which enzyme is responsible to relieve the supercoiling of DNA

A

Topoisomerase

58
Q

Enzymes increase the rate of reactions by:

A

Decreasing the energy of activation

59
Q

In yeasts, pyruvate is metabolized into:

A

Ethanol

60
Q

This enzymes is/are used in the clinical diagnosis of acute pancreatitis when its levels are elevated in the body?

A

Lipase

61
Q

The digestive enzymes of cellular compounds are confined inside what organelle of the cell?

A

Lysosome

62
Q

Glycerophospholipids is also known as?

A

Phosphoglycerides

63
Q

What phospholipids is formed when you add glycerol and Phosphatidic acid?

A

phosphatidylglycerol

64
Q

What phospholipids is formed when you add ethanolamine and Phosphatidic acid?

A

Phosphatidylethanolamine (Cephaelin)

65
Q

What phospholipids is formed when you add choline and Phosphatidic acid?

A

Phosphatidylcholine (Lecithin)

66
Q
A
67
Q

What organelle/s is the site of 𝛽 oxidation, Oxidative phosphorylation, and Kreb’s
Cycle?

A

Mitochondria

68
Q

What organelle/s is the site of Glycolysis and Pentose phosphate PW?

A

Cytosol

69
Q

These proteins have the skeletal and muscular contraction role in the human body

A

Actin and Myosin

70
Q

These proteins have the Transport and storage role in the human body

A

Myoglobin (Muscle)
Hemoglobin (Blood)
Transferrin (Transport of Iron)
Ferritin (Storage of Iron)

71
Q

These proteins have the structural role in the human body?

A

Collagen
Elastin
Keratin
Fibroin

72
Q

Which of the following is the start codon?

A

AUG

73
Q

Give the Lipid related diseases with its description of enzyme deficiency:

𝛼 galactosidase

A

Fabry’s

74
Q

Give the Lipid related diseases with its description of enzyme deficiency:

Ceramidase

A

Farber’s

75
Q

Give the Lipid related diseases with its description of enzyme deficiency:

𝛽 galactosidase

A

Krabbe

76
Q

Give the Lipid related diseases with its description of enzyme deficiency:

Sphingomyelinase

A

Niemann Pick

77
Q

Give the Lipid related diseases with its description of enzyme deficiency:

Hexoaminidase A

A

Tay Sach’s

78
Q

Give the Lipid related diseases with its description of enzyme deficiency:

B-glucosidase

A

Gauchers

79
Q

Give the Lipid related diseases with its description of enzyme deficiency:

Increase in ganglioside

A

Sandhoff

80
Q

What Amino Acid related diseases with its description of enzyme deficiency:

Albinism

A

Tyrosinase

81
Q

What Amino Acid related diseases with its description of enzyme deficiency:

Phenylketonuria

A

Phenylalanine hydroxylase

82
Q

What Amino Acid related diseases with its description of enzyme deficiency:

Maple syrup urine disease

A

Branched chain ketoacid dehydrogenase

83
Q

What Amino Acid related diseases with its description of enzyme deficiency:

Alkaptonuria

A

Homogentisate oxidase

84
Q

The anabolic process wherein pyruvate is made into glucose?

A

Gluconeogenesis

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