Diabetic Drugs

Question 1

4 Generic Insulins

Answer 1

• lispro
• regular
• NPH
• Glargine

Question 2

Duration of Lispro

Answer 2

• rapid acting
• low blood glucose

Question 3

Duration of regular

Answer 3

short acting

Question 4

Duration of NPH

Answer 4

intermediate acting

Question 5

Duration of glargine

Answer 5

long acting

Question 6

biguanide (side effects)
* MoA?

Answer 6

metformin (diarrhea)
* lower liver glucose production and increase muscle sensitivity to insulin

Question 7

sulfonylureas (side effects)
* MoA?

Answer 7

glyburides (hypoglycemia)
* inhibit K+ pump in beta-cells to increase insulin secretion

Question 8

thiazolidinediones (side effects)
* MoA?

Answer 8

pioglitazone (weight gain, fluid retention)
* increase insulin sensitivity of adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and liver

Question 9

incretin mimetics (side effects)
* MoA?

Answer 9

semaglutide (GI discomfort)
* agonist at incretin (GLP-1) receptor on beta cells that enhances glucose dependent insulin secretion

Question 10

Incretin Degradation Inhibitors (side effects)
* MoA?

Answer 10

sitagliptin (headaches, joint pain)
* inhibit DDP-4 enzyme that degrades incretin to prolong endogenous incretin action

Question 11

SGLT inhibition (side effects)
* MoA?

Answer 11

empagliflozin (UTIs, yeast infections, dehydration)
* increases excretion of glucose into the urine thereby reducing the blood glucose level