Diabetes Mellitus & Diabetes Insipidus Flashcards
It refers to a group of diseases that affect
how the body uses blood sugar (glucose).
Diabetes mellitus
An important source of energy for the cells that make up the
muscles and tissues.
Glucose
A rare condition where you pee a lot and often feel thirsty.
Diabetes insupidus
A chronic heterogeneous metabolic disorder with
complex pathogenesis. It is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels or hyperglycemia, which results
from abnormalities in either insulin secretion or insulin action or both.
Diabetes Mellitus
The pathophysiology of diabetes is related to
the levels of insulin within the body.
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF DIABETES MELLITUS
- Feeling more thirsty than usual.
- Urinating often.
- Losing weight without trying.
- Presence of ketones in the
urine. Ketones are a byproduct
of the breakdown of muscle
and fat that happens when
there’s not enough available
insulin. - Feeling irritable or having
other mood changes. - Having a blurry vision.
- Having slow-healing sores.
- Getting a lot of infections, such
as gum, skin, and vaginal
infections
3 P’s OF DIABETES MELLITUS ASSESSMENT
- Polydipsia
- Polyuria
- Polyphagia
an increase in thirst
Polydipsia
Frequent Urination
Polyuria
A rise in appetite
Polyphagia
It is marked by expelling excessive quantities of
highly dilute urine, extreme thirst, and craving cold water.
Diabetes Insipidus
It is an endocrine condition involving the posterior pituitary peptide hormone, antidiuretic
hormone (ADH).
Diabetes Insipidus
2 forms of Diabetes Inspidus
- Cranial Diabetes Insipidus
- Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
DI CLINICAL MANIFESTATION
- Being extremely thirsty
- Producing large amounts of pale urine
- Frequently needing to get up to urinate during the night
- Preferring cold drinks
FOR INFANT AND/OR YOUNG CHILD - Heavy, wet diapers
- Bed-wetting
- Trouble sleeping
- Fever
- Vomiting
- Constipation
- Delayed growth
- Weight loss
DIABETES INSIPIDUS ASSESSMENT
Water deprivationtest
Vasopressintest
MRI scan
