Diabetes

Question 1

What is the risk of a child developing diabetes according to family history?

1. Mom
2. Dad
3. Siblings
4. Twins

Answer 1

1. Mom- 2%
2. Dad-7%
3. Siblings- 2-3%
4. Twins-35%

Question 2

What is diabetes?

Answer 2

Autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic cells
Mimic(antigen) is usually bovine insulin
Genetic susceptibility

Question 3

At what ages does type 1 diabetes peak in children?

Answer 3

4-6 years and 10-14 years

Question 4

How do children with diabetes typically present?

Answer 4

1. Polydypsia(thirsty)
2. Polyuria(peeing a lot)
3. Polyphagia (loss of weight even with increased appetite)
4. Enuresis (bed wetting)

Question 5

What are other symptoms of diabetes 1 in children?

Answer 5

1. Irritability and fatigue
2. Recurrent skin infections
3. Abdominal pain
4. Candida vaginitis

Question 6

How is DM1 diagnosed?

Answer 6

With venous blood glucose test

1. Random blood glucose >11,1 mmol/l
2. Fasting blood glucose >7mmol/l

Question 7

What are the early signs of diabetic keto acidosis?

Answer 7

1. Polydypsia
2. Polyuria
3. Loss of weight-increased appetite
4. WITH DEHYDRATION

Question 8

What are some of the late signs of diabetic ketoacidosis?

Answer 8

1. Vomiting
2. Abdominal pain
3. Loss of consciousness

Question 9

What do you put on the medical bracelet?

Answer 9

Diabetes, if child is confused give sugar

Question 10

What are the autonomic symptoms?

Answer 10

1. Tachycardia
2. Nausea
3. Hungry
4. Sweating

Question 11

Neuro-glycopenic symptoms

Answer 11

1. Tired

2. Excited/aggressive

Question 12

Why cant blood glucose go below <3,5 mmol?

Answer 12

The child will develop blood glucose unawareness