diabetes

Question 1

What is glycogenolysis?

Answer 1

conversion of glycogen to glucose

Question 2

What is gluconeogenesis?

Answer 2

conversion of non-fuel tissue to usable glucose

Question 3

What does glucagon do?

Answer 3

stimulates glycogenolysis, increases blood glucose (alpha cells)

Question 4

What does epinephrine do?

Answer 4

stimulates liver/muscle glycogenolysis

Question 5

What are the 3 p’s of the signs and symptoms of diabetes?

Answer 5

polyuria: urination
polydipsia: thirst
polypagia: hunger

Question 6

What is the main screening value for diabetes?

Answer 6

HbA1c or A1c, average of blood glucose over 3 months

Question 7

What is the A1c % threshold for diabetes?

Answer 7

6.5 or above

Question 8

What is a charcot foot?

Answer 8

Fracture of bones in w/o trauma

Question 9

What is one of the major factors that leads to metabolic and structural derangements in diabetes?

Answer 9

production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs)

Question 10

What do beta cells do?

Answer 10

increase insulin, which lowers blood glucose by helping glucose get into the cells

Question 11

What is the role of counter-regulatory hormones in maintaining blood glucose?

Answer 11

promote gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis, which increases circulating glucose