Diabetes Flashcards
What are three oral hypoglycemic drugs?
Glipizide, metformin, and rosiglitazone
Wht are the two insulin preparations approved for veterinary use?
Prozinc and Vetsulin
What preparation (concentration) do veterinary insulin preperations come in?
40 insulin units/mL (Human comes in 100IU/mL)
Canines are 4x more sensitive to which type of insulin?
Detemir
Examples of short acting insulins
LISPRO, Regular insulin, and Humulin-R
How is Short acting insulin administered?
IV (fast onset, short duration, use CRI)
IM (slightly slower onset, short duration, need to give TID)
*Not going to be used as a maintenence tx for stable diabetic patients
What are examples of intermediate acting insulins?
LENTE insulin, Humulin-N, Vetsulin, and Humulin 70/30
How are intermediate acting insulins administered?
SC only.
quick onset, intermediate duration
T/F amorphous crystals (such as zinc) allow the insulin to be absorbed quickly
False.
Allows the insulin to be absorbed gradually
What is Humulin 70/30?
70% NPH (Humulin-N) and 30% Regular to allow for a faster onset
What are the three long-acting insulins?
Prozinc, Glargine, and Detemir
How do you give long acting insulins?
give SC inly once a day
WHat species is prozinc used for?
Cats
How does Glargine work?
acidic pH and microprecipitates allow for very gradual absorption.
How do you treat a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis?
- Fluids 0.9% NaCl
- Regular insulin started as CRI
- Add dextrose to fluid if patient not eating
