DIABETES Flashcards
What are the 3 acute complications of diabetes
- Low blood glucose/ hypoglycemia
- DKA (Type 1 DM)
- HHK or HHS or HHNS (Type 2)
What is the #1 diagnosis with HHK
Fluid deficit
Intervention with HHNK / HHS / HHNS
Give fluids!
Between DKA and HHNK is insulin essential in treating?
DKA
1 treatment with HHNK
Fluids!
Which of DKA or HHNK is higher priority?
DKA is a more acute condition and responds very quickly to insulin
What are long-term complications of diabetes
RELATED TO :
- Poor tissue perfusion
- Peripheral neuropathy
EXAMPLES: renal failure, gangrene. Heart failure, urinary incontinence pt cant feel a burn on the foot
What is the best indicator of long-tern blood glucose level
Hb A1C, a.k.a. glycosated Hb or glycosylated Hb
What is the nirmal Hb A1C
< 6
What hb A1c means you’re out of control?
> 8
What # of hb A1C is borderline
7
What do we see with alkalosis?
Tachycardia
Tachypnea
HTN
Seizures
Irritability
Spastic
Diarrhea
Borborygmi (increase bowel sounds)
Hyperreflexia
HYPOKALEMIA
What is the nursing intervention for alkalosis?
Pt needs SUCTIONING because of seizures
What is the opposite of DIABETES INSIPIDUS
SIADH
What does SIADH mean
Symptom of inappropriate ADH (antidiuretic hormone)
It presents w/ oliguria and no thirst
Decrease in urine output
And then, decrease serum specific gravity (due to retention of water)
Increase urine specific gravity (due to decrease urine volume)
SIADH
Whic =h is DM/DI, SIADH
- Losts of urine retaines, specific gravity is low
- Fluid volume deficit
- Fluid VOlume Excess
- SIADH
- DM/DI
- SIADH
Insulin dependent, Ketosis prone
TYPE I DM
Non-insulin dependent, Non-ketosis prone
TYPE II DM