DEVIANT SUBCULUTRE + GANGS/ANTI SCHOOL

Question 1

what does Decker and van Winkle argue?

Answer 1

• reasons for joining youth groups consist of both pulls and pushes. pulls about the attractiveness of gangs as it gives them status excitement and push because of social economic and cultural disadvantages - feelings of exclusion and

Question 2

what does white argue?

Answer 2

• gangs are linked to underclass conditions of poverty and social exclusion as gangs bring in social inclusion and support and security for vulnerable groups of young people

Question 3

what does Willis argue?

Answer 3

• the lads studied for the working class in Birmingham and they saw them as macho and not studious.
• dismissed as due to focus on boys but rarely this nowadays

Question 4

What does brown argue?

Answer 4

• three responses to education among working-class youth
  1. getting in - from low achievers who wanted to use education to improve their social position
  2. getting out - high achievers who wanted to use education to improve their social positions
  3. getting on: ordinary students who complied

Question 5

what does Mac an Ghail argue?

Answer 5

• number of fluid groups in academic abilities with different responses to school
  1. ordinary lads = not academic indifferent
  2. academic achievers = pro-school, work hard
  3. macho lads = act tough and dickhead achievers