Deviance and Social Control Flashcards
Deviance
violation of established contextual, cultural, or social ways
Social Control
Through Sanctions – positive responses for following rules or punishments for violations of rules
Durkheim
Deviance and is normal and necessary part of any society
Strain Theory (Merton)
individuals experience strain or pressure when they are unable to achieve culturally prescribed goals through legitimate means
Social Disorganization Theory
sociological perspective that explains crime and delinquency as a result of the breakdown of social organization and community cohesion in a particular area
Power
the ability to exercise one’s will over another person
Brute Power
obvious power through force and threat of violence
Agenda Setting
power that exists without force but through setting priorities for shared resources
Manipulation
power to shape what you want, tricking people into thinking one’s interests are the same as those who wield power
Authority
accepted power, legitimate power
Traditional Authority
it is the way its’ always been or belief that a god ordained it
Charismatic Authority
based on the leader’s personal qualities, short lived and cannot be transferred to a heir
Rational Legal Authority
power made legitimate by laws and written rules
Labeling Theory
deviance is determined by the reactions of others to the behavior
Primary Deviance
violation of norms that doesn’t result in any long term effects on the individual’s self imageS
Secondary Deviance
a person’s self-concept and behavior begin to change after their actions are labeled deviant
Differential Association Theory
proposes that people learn values, attitudes, techniques, and motives for criminal behavior through their interactions with others
Violent Crime
the offender uses or threatens to use force against the victim
Non-violent Crime
violations of laws or regulations that do not result in physical harm or injury to others
Street Crime
criminal offense that occurs in public places, often targeting individuals in lower socioeconomic classes
Corporate Crime
criminal offenses committed by a corporation or by an individual or individuals who represent a corporation
Victimless Crime
illegal act that is consensual, lacking complaining participant – gambling, prostitution, drug-use, assisted suicide, etc
Hate Crime
criminal offense that is motivated, in whole or in part, by the offender’s bias against a person or group based on their race, gender, gender identity, religion, disability, etc
Culture of Fear (Glasser)
people may incite fear in the general public to achieve political or workplace goals through emotional bias
