Developmental Psychology

Question 1

What is Developmental Psychology

Answer 1

This is the study of changes that occur in people as they age, it includes physical, cognitive, and social development.

Question 2

What are the 3 Major Issues

Answer 2

1. Nature vs Nurture
2. Continuity vs Stages
3. Stability vs Change

Question 3

What is Nature vs Nurture

Answer 3

How does out genetics (nature) and our experience (the nurture we receive) influence our behavior

Question 4

What is Continuity vs stages

Answer 4

It questions if development is a gradual continuous process or is it a sequence of separate stages

Question 5

What is Stability vs Change

Answer 5

it questions if our early personality traits persist through life, or do we become different persons as we age

Question 6

What are the Stages of Development

Answer 6

1. Pre natal development
2. Infancy and toddlerhood
3. Early childhood
4. Middle childhood
5. Adolescence
6. Early adulthood
7. Middle adulthood
8. Late adulthood

Question 7

What are the different designs to study human development

Answer 7

1. Cross-sectional
2. Longitudinal
3. Cross-sequential

Question 8

What is Cross-sectional

Answer 8

This is a type of study where people of different ages are examined at the same time.

Question 9

What is the Cohort Effect

Answer 9

This is when there is a systematic difference between age groups due to cultural changes overtime.

Question 10

What is Longitudinal

Answer 10

This is a study where people are followed over a period of time (from months to even years) in order to evaluate changes in these individuals.
Downside: people might die or decide to leave the study

Question 11

What is Cross-sequential

Answer 11

This is a study where people are tested more than once over a long period of time. It combines longitudinal and cross-sectional design.

Question 12

Who is Erick Erickson

Answer 12

He is a development psychologist, believed that each stage of life has it task that needed to be solved to become a successful person, they are called psychological stages of development.

Question 13

What are the Psychological Stages of Development

Answer 13

1. Infants
2. Toddler
3. Preschool Age
4. Elementary School Age
5. Adolescence
6. Early Adulthood
7. Middle Adulthood
8. Late Adulthood

Question 14

Infants

Answer 14

Birth - 18 months
Task: Trust vs. Mistrust
Major question: can i trust the people around me?
Basic virtue: Hope

Question 15

Toddler

Answer 15

18 months - 3 years old
Task: Autonomy vs. shame/doubt
Major question: can i do things myself or am i reliant on the help of others 
Basic virtue: Will
Important events: toilet training

Question 16

Preschool Age

Answer 16

3 - 5 years old
Task: Initiative vs. guilt 
Major question: Am i good or bad
Basic virtue: purpose
Important events: exploration; play

Question 17

Elementary school age

Answer 17

6 - 12 years old 
task: industry vs. inferiority 
major question: how can i be good
basic virtue: competence 
important events: school

Question 18

Adolescence

Answer 18

12 - 18
task: identity vs. role confusion
major question: who am i
basic virtue; fidelity 
important events: social relationship

Question 19

Early adulthood

Answer 19

18 - 35
task: intimacy vs isolation
major question: will i be loved or will i be alone?
basic virtue: love
important event : romantic relationships

Question 20

Middle adulthood

Answer 20

35 - 55 or 65
task: generativity vs stagnation
major question: how can i contribute to the world?
basic virtue: care
important events: parenthood and work

Question 21

Late adulthood

Answer 21

65 and beyond
task: ego integrity vs despair
major question: did i live a meaningful life?
basic virtue: wisdom
important events: reflecting back on life