developmental delay

Question 1

what is developmental delay

Answer 1

failure to attain appropriate developmental milestones for child’s corrected chronological age

Question 2

what are the patterns of abnormal development

Answer 2

delay
deviation
regression

Question 3

give an example of a deviation type of abnormal development

Answer 3

autism

Question 4

give examples of a regression abnormal development

Answer 4

Rett’s syndrome

Metabolic disorders

Question 5

what are the red flags for development

Answer 5

Asymmetry of movement
Not reaching for objects by 6 months
Unable to sit unsupported by 12 months
Unable to walk by 18 months
No speech by 18 months
Concerns regarding vision or hearing
Loss of skills

Question 6

what investigation should be done in a child who is unable to walk by 18 months? what disease are you looking for

Answer 6

CK level

high levels = duchennes

Question 7

what is global developmental delay called in child of school age

Answer 7

learning disability

Question 8

what is a global developmental delay

Answer 8

delay in 2 or more of:

gross/fine motor
speech/language
cognition
social/personal
ADL

Question 9

give an example of a global developmental delay

Answer 9

down’s syndrome

Question 10

Gower’s Manoeuvre is a buzzword for what disease

Answer 10

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Question 11

what is the autistics triad

Answer 11

communication (verbal and non-verbal)
social interaction
flexibility if thought/imagination

Question 12

in addition to the autistic triad what may patients also suffer from

Answer 12

Restricted, repetitive behaviours

Sensory difficulties

Question 13

give examples of sensory difficulties experienced in autism

Answer 13

Fussy eater/ medications
Textures of clothes
Sleep
Toilet training
Hair washing / cutting
Nail cutting 
Noise

Question 14

give examples of difficulties in flexibility of thought/imagination in autism

Answer 14

very concrete and literal interpretations
struggle with the concept of time
enjoy routine
dislike change

Question 15

what issues with languages can occur in autism

Answer 15

Problems Initiating and sustaining conversation
Restricted interests
Lack of awareness of reciprocal nature of conversation

Question 16

what issues with social interaction can occur in autism

Answer 16

Unable to share pleasure
Not motivated by need for social approval
struggle with social rules
lack of empathy 
struggle to form relationships