Developmental Aspects Of Lung Disease Flashcards
Embryonic lung morphology
3-8 weeks, lungs offshoot from oesophagus, lung buds form with trachea and main bronchi
Pseudo-glandular lung morphology
5-17 weeks, all conducting airways and blood vessels form
Canalicular
16-26 weeks, blood gas barrier thins, surfactant appears
Saccular
24-38 weeks, pre-alveoli
Alveolar lung differentiation
36 weeks to 2-3 years, alveoli form
Postnatal lung growth
Alveolar septation continues. 100-150 million at birth, 200-600 million at 3-8 years. Then alveoli increase in size
When do malformations present
75% fetal ultrasound
10% newborn
15% childhood
Tracheo-bronchomalacia
Bronchi are floppy, barking cough, breathless, stridor/wheeze, use antibiotics not asthma treatment, natural resolution over time
Pulmonary adenomatoid malformation
Part of the lung doesn’t form properly
Diaphragm development
Formed and closed by 18 weeks, can get a hernia mostly on left side which can squish everything else
Eventration
Thin diaphragm pulls lung
Transient tachypnea of newborn
Fluid isn’t squeezed out of lungs in c section babies forming wet lung, resolves in 24-48 hours
Respiratory distress syndrome
Very early babies where surfactant hasn’t formed yet
Chronic neonatal lung disease
Lots of causes eg infection, genetics
Maybe future COPD
Fetal/neonatal cause of adult lung disease
Nicotine, infection, prematurity or low birth weight, maternal malnutrition, environmental pollution
