Developmental and adaptive plasiticty

Question 1

neuroplasiticity

Answer 1

the ability of the brain and other parts of the nervous system to change in response to experience, iiincluding the brains capacity to compensate for loss of function through injury, allows for our brain to remeber, learn and change

Question 2

when is neuroplasticity most active

Answer 2

during childhood as this is when rapid brain growth occurs, rapid increase in synapses allows a childs brain to grow and constantly develop and change

Question 3

why does neuroplaticity slow down during adulthood

Answer 3

there is less need for new learnings

Question 4

what are the two ways the brain changes as a result of neuroplasticity

Answer 4

long term potentiation and long term depression

Question 5

long term potentiation

Answer 5

strengthening of synaptic connections as a result of repeated activation, when we gain new experience some synaptic connections that are frequently used are strengthened through this process

Question 6

long term depression

Answer 6

weakening of synaptic connections as a result of low level activation of certain synaptic connections

Question 7

neuroplasticty occur in response to these two kinds of experience;

Answer 7

developmental plasticity and adaptive plasticity

Question 8

developmental plasticity

Answer 8

changes in the brain that occur in response to aging and maturation

Question 9

what three things occur to the neuron during developmental plasticity

Answer 9

synaptogenesis, synaptic pruning and myelination

Question 10

synaptogenesis

Answer 10

the formation of synapses between neurons as axon terminals and dendrites grow

Question 11

when/why does synaptogenesis occur

Answer 11

when an individual learns something new, the axon terminals of neurons grow and form connections to nearby neurons, creating synapses to represent and retain this learning

Question 12

synaptic pruning

Answer 12

elimination of underused synapses

Question 13

why does synaptic ppruning occur

Answer 13

to free up space in the brain to allow for the strengthening of frequently used synapses

Question 14

myelination

Answer 14

formation and development of myelin around the axon of a neuron

Question 15

why does myelination occur

Answer 15

to facilitate more efficient communication of messages, this is achieved by protecting the neuron from intereference from other neurons

Question 16

adaptive plasticity

Answer 16

brain changes in response to brain trauma/injury

Question 17

what is the purpose of adaptive plasticity

Answer 17

enables the brrain to recover or compensate for loss of function and/or to maximise remaining functions in the event of brain of \\injury by reorganising the structure and neural connections of the brain

Question 18

what determines the brains changes in response to injury

Answer 18

the cause, location and degree of extent of the damage and the age when the damage occurs

Question 19

what two thiings occur to the neuron due to adaptive plasticity

Answer 19

sprouting and rerouting

Question 20

sprouting

Answer 20

the ability for a neuron to develop new branches on the dendrites and axons, expanding the reach of the neuron and enabling new neural connections to be formed in area where it has been prevented/depleted

Question 21

reroutinhh

Answer 21

neurons ability to foorm a new connection with another undamaged neuron, a neuron that is rerouting abandones its connection with a damaged neuron