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Psychology > Developmental > Flashcards

Developmental Flashcards

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1
Q

Conception to birth

A

Prenatal

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2
Q

Birth to 18-24 months

A

Infancy

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3
Q

End of infancy to 11-14 years

A

Childhood

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4
Q

End of childhood to 18-21 years

A

Adolescence

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5
Q

End of adolescence to death

A

Adult

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6
Q

Order of prenatal development

A

Sprerm to egg(zygote) to embryo

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7
Q

When does myelination happen (brain maturity)

A

Brain development of prenatal development

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8
Q

Drugs, alcohol, bacteria and virus, chemicals

A

Prenatal teratogens; agents that harm the embryo

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9
Q

use it or loose it, the connections between neurons are rapidly developing, we make connections with neurons, and we try to connect with everything we can, so the synaptic start to prune together

A

Synaptic pruning

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10
Q

the view that development is a self-organizing process, in which new forms of behavior emerge through consistent interactions between a biological being and cultural and environmental contexts

A

Dynamic systems theory

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11
Q

a concept or framework that organizes and interprets information
• a child associates any animal or thing with 4 legs as “doggie

A

Schema

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12
Q

What did Piaget believe in for the learning process

A

Each stage builds the previous one

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13
Q

the process by which new information is placed into an existing scheme

A

Assimilation

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14
Q

Accommodation

A

the process by which a new scheme is created, or an existing scheme is drastically altered to include new information that otherwise would not fit into the scheme

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15
Q

First stage
Acquire information through their senses and motor skills
Key milestone: object permanence

A

Sensorimotor stage

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16
Q

Second stage
Lacking the law of conservation
Egocentrism: hard time feeling what other people feel

A

Pre-operational stage

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17
Q

Third stage
Children begin to think about and understand logical operations and are no longer fooled by appearances
Key milestone: law of conservation

A

Concrete operational stage

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18
Q

Final stage
People can think abstractly and can formulate through deductive logic
Start to think about the future and future events

A

Formal operational stage

19
Q

Confident enough to play in an unfamiliar environment as long as their caregiver is present and readily comforts them during times of distress

Later they are about to develop good relationships and have good self-esteem

A

Secure attachment

20
Q

May exhibit insecure attachment through various behaviors, such as avoiding contact with the caregiver or by alternating between approach and avoidance behaviors

Relationships may be unpredictable and filled with anger later in life

A

Insecure anxious attachment

21
Q

Marked by an infants inconsistent reactions to the caregivers departure and returning

Later in life “emotional roller coaster”

A

Disorganized attachment

22
Q

: infant monkeys prefer the comfort of one “mother” over the “mother” that provides nourishment (monkeys would cling to the cloth mother monkey for comfort, and went to the wire one only for milk

A

Hallows attachment

23
Q

Coercive
Word is law
Clear words
High expectations
Children tend to be depressed and rebel

A

Authoritarian parent style

24
Q

Indulgent
Lax discipline
Low expectations but accepting
Children tend to lack self control, unhappy due to being deemed as immature

A

Permissive parenting styles

25
Q

Oblivious
Indifferent toward their children
Children tend to be sad, high risk of injury, immature

A

Negligent parenting styles

26
Q

Flexible
Set limits but listen forgive and encourage
Guides not authorities
Children tend to be liked my man, happy, successful

A

Authoritative

27
Q

◦ where basic needs of functioning were at the bottom, as for the top is more individualized experiences that brought us happiness and fulfillment
Self transcendence
Self actualization
Esteem needs
Belongingness and love needs
Safety needs
Physiological needs

A

Mallows hierarchy of needs

28
Q

• selective pruning
• increased myelin growth
• limbic system develops
• frontal lobe lag
• more mental health issues than late adult hood

A

Teenage brain

29
Q

Pre conventional level
Conventional level
Post conventional level

A

Kohlbergs level of moral thinking

30
Q

‣ self-interested: the outcomes of events determines what is moral rather than our own moral code
‣ heavily based on obedience and punishment
• if you steal, you will go to jail
• if i do my chores, i will get my allowance

A

Pre conventional level

31
Q

‣ follow the rules of society strictly determines what is morally correct; approval of others
if you steal, people will think you are a criminal

A

Conventional level

32
Q

‣ decisions related to morality depend on abstract principles and the value of not only our own life but all lives
• sometimes people steal because they cannot afford groceries for their children
• if i do my chores, i will ease my moms workload

A

Post-conventional level

33
Q

Our sense of self

A

Identity

34
Q

the “we” and “us” aspect of our self concept
‣ some adolescents from their identity early on, most taking on the identities of their parents

A

Social Identity

35
Q

acquired disorders marked by cognitive deficits and significant decline
• brain injury or disease
• substance abuse
• Alzheimers (AD) and dementia
◦ AD: a NCD marked by neural plaques and tangles

A

Neurocognitive disorders

36
Q

ages 0-1
Trust vs Mistrust
the world is safe and people are loving and reliable

A

infancy

37
Q

1-3
autonomy vs shame and doubt
explore environment, gain feelings and independence and positive self esteem

A

toddler

38
Q

ages 3-6
initiative vs guilt
develop a sense of purpose by talking on responsibilities and taking responsibility for actions

A

preschool

39
Q

ages 6-12ish
industry vs inferiority
feel competent by working successfully with others and how other view them

A

childhood

40
Q

ages 12-18
identity vs role confusion
explore social roles and start to develop a sense of identity

A

adolescence

41
Q

ages 18-29
intimacy vs isolation
ability to commit to long term relationships

A

young adulthood

42
Q

ages 30-60
generativity vs stagnation
concerning themselves with leaving behind a positive legacy and caring for future generations

A

middle adulthood

43
Q

ages above 60
integrity vs despair
feeling of satisfaction that they lived a good life and developed wisdom

A

old age

Psychology (7 decks)

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