Development of Industrial Microbiology and Microbial Ecology

Question 1

demonstrated that alcohol fermentations and other fermentations were the result of microbial activity

Answer 1

Louis Pasteur

Question 2

developed the process of pasteurization to preserve wine during storage

Answer 2

Louis Pasteur

Question 3

studied soil microorganisms and discovered numerous interesting metabolic processes (nitrogen fixation)

Answer 3

Sergei Winogradsky and Martinus Beijerinck

Question 4

pioneered the use of enrichment cultures and selective media

Answer 4

Sergei Winogradsky and Martinus Beijerinck

Question 5

concerned with individual groups of microbes, microbial physiology, genetics, molecular biology and taxonomy

Answer 5

basic aspects

Question 6

concerned with practical problems - disease, water, food, and industrial microbiology

Answer 6

applied aspects

Question 7

restriction endonucleases

Answer 7

Arber and Smith

Question 8

first novel recombinant molecule

Answer 8

Jackson, Symons, Berg

Question 9

DNA sequencing methods

Answer 9

Woese, Sanger

Question 10

diseases of humans and animals

Answer 10

medical microbiology

Question 11

control and spread of communicable disease

Answer 11

public health microbiology

Question 12

how immune system protects a host from pathogens

Answer 12

immunology

Question 13

concerned with the relationship of organisms with their environment

Answer 13

microbial ecology

Question 14

How many percent of earth’s microbial population has been cultured?

Answer 14

less than 1%

Question 15

concerned with impact of microorganisms with agriculture

Answer 15

Agricultural microbiology

Question 16

When did Industrial Microbiology began?

Answer 16

1800s

Question 17

concerned with fermentation, antibiotic production, production of cheese, bread, etc

Answer 17

Industrial microbiology

Question 18

studies metabolic pathways of microorganisms

Answer 18

microbial physiology

Question 19

study the nature of genetic information and how it regulates the development and function of cells and organisms

Answer 19

molecular biology
microbial genetics
bioinformatics

Question 20

model system of genetics

Answer 20

microbes