Development of drugs Flashcards
What are the three main things when testing drugs?
Efficacy- how effective drug is
toxicity- is the drug harmful-cause side affects
dosage- how much of the drug should be given.
What is the 1st stage of drug testing?
Cells and tissues tested
advantage- cheaply test lots of substances
does not tell us how substance effects a whole organism/organ.
What is the second stage of drug testing?
tested on live animals
eg. mice/rabbits mammals
they have similar body to us
test for toxicity and efficacy.
What is the third stage of drug testing?
tested on humans
increase dosage to find maximum dosage without side effects
given to patients suffering illness.
slowly increase dosage to find optimum dosage.
to maximises efficacy and minimise toxicity.
How do me make the drug test fair?
Placebo- not real drug (doesn’t do anything)
half people are given placebo/ half are given real drug
blind trial- patient does not know what drug they are getting.
double blind trial- nor patient/ doctor knows what drug is given.
prevent bias
peered reviewed by other scientists
to prevent false claims.
