Cancer and coronary heart disease. Flashcards
How is cancer caused?
By uncontrollable rate of cell division and mitosis
What are the two types of tumours?
Benign
malignant.
what is benign tumour?
Does not invade other parts of body
contained within cell membrane
stays in one place
not cancerous.
What is a malignant tumour?
Invades neighbouring tissues in the body and moves to into the bloodstream.
once in bloodstream it spreads to different parts of body.
Forming new tumours called secondary tumours.
(Cancerous)
What are the risk factors of cancer?
Substances in environments
Lifestyle
genetics
Describe risk factor of substance in environment?
Radon- radioactive gas that increasing risk of lung cancer
releases ionising radiation that damages our cell DNA
leads to uncontrollable cell division and leading to cancer.
Describe risk factor of genetics of cancer?
Inherited by family.
types of lung cancer
prostate cancer
cancer in large intestine
Describe risk factor of lifestyle of cancer?
Smoking can lead to lung cancer
UV exposure/ultraviolet light can lead to skin cancer.
Alcohol can lead to mouth and throat cancer.
What are coronary arteries?
Branch out the aorta and spread out into heart musles.
What is the function of coronary arteries?
Provide oxygen to heart muscles.
oxygen is used for respiration to provide energy for contraction.
What are non commucable diseases?
They are not infectious and do not spread from person to person.
What is the coronary heart disease?
Built up layers of fat in coronary arteries.
coronary arteries become narrow
reduces blood flow through coronary arteries
lack of oxygen in heart muscles
heart starved of oxygen lading to a heart attack.
What are the 2 types of treatments for coronary heart disease?
stents and statins
What do statins do?
drugs that reduce level of cholesterol in blood.
Slows down rate of fatty build up in arteries.
What are the advantages of statin?
Reduces risk of coronary heart disease.
