Development of attachment

Question 1

A01: Four stages of attachment

Answer 1

Asocial: 0-6 weeks
Indiscriminate: 4 months
Discriminate: 7 months
Multiple attachments: 7 months +

Question 2

A01: Stage one

Answer 2

0-6 weeks, similar response to all objects

greater preference for social stimuli (near the end).

Question 3

A01: Stage two

Answer 3

4 months: become more social
prefer human company to inanimate.
they can distinguish between familiar and unfamiliar people.
no stranger or separation anxiety

Question 4

A01: Stage three

Answer 4

7 months: Begin to show separation anxiety
Formed specific attachment
(Shaffer found this attachment was to the person who was most sensitive)

Question 5

A01: Stage four

Answer 5

Multiple attachments
(Shaffer) within one month 29% had more than one attachment
Within 6 months - 78%

Question 6

A03: Biased Sample:

Answer 6

Only working class, 1960s, all stay at home mothers.

Very different from todays society

Question 7

A03: Unreliable data

Answer 7

Shaffer and Emerson may be unreliable because it was based on mothers reports. Some mothers may have been less/more sensitive. Creates systematic bias - low internal validity

Question 8

A03: Challenging monotropy

Answer 8

Rutter said that all attachment figures are equivalent.

Question 9

A03:Cultural variations

Answer 9

Individualist cultures: UK are more focussed on individual needs
Collectivist cultures: Africa, are more focussed on group needs.
Individualist = singular attachment
Collectivist: multiple attachment