development dynamics - case study: core vs periphery Flashcards
what is the core like
it is usually the city
rich
urban
big business industry
government headquarters
large population
what is the periphery like
usually the countryside
poor
rural
raw material extraction industries
what does the core have and the periphery does not
core - HAVES
- industries
- government
- social elites
- financial power
- education system
periphery - HAVE NOTS
- mining
- forestry
- agriculture
- little power
- brain drain
- low wages
information about the core in india
MAHARASHTRA
city of Mumbai
on the west coast of india, bordering Pakistan and the arabian sea
richest region due to the multiplier effect
information about the periphery in india
BIHAR
north east of India, bordering nepal
landlocked and to the north there is the Himalayas (hard to cross so a barrier to trade)
poorest state due to it being very rural
what is the multiplier effect and how does it make Maharashtra the richest region
when a positive thing happens, it has a knock-on effect
e.g. money spent on economy -> improvement in local economy -> economy grows -> more money will be spent
- TNCs have invested in the region
- biggest investment: services
- industry has grown and grown
- jobs have become available which attracts people
- construction industry has also grown
- the population have jobs leading them to spend more in local businesses leading to growth
significance of india
- developing/emerging country
- rapidly developing nation
- growing global influence
- part of BRICS
social significance of india
- 2nd largest population in the world of around 1.5 billion
- 7 of india’s cities are projected to have a pop. more than 10 milli by 2030
- 74.4% of pop. is literate
political significance of india
- active member in many international organisations (UN and G20)
- takes part in peacekeeping missions in developing nations
- largest number of voters in the world so good democracy
- tries to maintain good relations with neighbouring countries
cultural significance in india
- 10 million tourists a year
- home to one of the 7 wonders (taj mahal)
- bollywood is the largest film industry
- birthplace of 4 religions
facts about india’s economy
- india has the fifth largest economy in the world
- GDP rising steadily over the past 20 years
- india’s trade becoming more globalised
–> more businesses are trading internationally
–> india’s lifestyle is influenced by other countries’
what are 5 main examples of globalisation in india
- home to many TNCs
- TNCs are invest in services
- TNCs exploit workers –> expose them to unsafe conditions without protecting workers’ rights
- TNCs = job opportunities = migration from rural to urban areas
- urbanisation = loss of natural greenfield land - being built on
4 ways economic growth has had an impact on indian citizens
- demographic change
- age and gender
- regional contrasts
- urbanisation
impact of demographic change on indian citizens
- fertility rates have declined rapidly from 5.2 births per woman in ‘71 to 2.3 bpw
- the government backed family planning programme - birth rates have fallen from 45/1000 –> 21/1000 in 75 years
- mortality rate has fallen significantly:
infant –> 129/1000 to 40/1000 in 43 yrs
maternal –> 500/100,000 to 167/100,000 in 23 yrs
impact of age and gender on indian citizens
- in 10 years, female literacy rates went from 53.7% to 65.5% (higher improvement than males)
- girls receive less food and medical care than boys
- in 2015, women made up 12% of indian parliament
- old people may feel left out of the benefits as they haven’t benefited from recent improvements in health and education
