bottom up and top down

Question 1

define non-governmental organisation

Answer 1

money from charity (Red Cross)

Question 2

define transnational co-orporations

Answer 2

companies in more than one country (Maccies)

Question 3

define inter-governmental organisations

Answer 3

people from different countries coming together and discussing (World Banks /UK)

Question 4

top down development facts

Answer 4

• very expensive
  –> country often has to borrow money from a large organisation like Paypal
• decisions made my government amd barely the locals

Question 5

bottom up development facts

Answer 5

• project is planned and controlled by local communities to help periphery areas (local)
• not expensive because of smaller, more appropriate technology (locals pay)

Question 6

top down - Narmada river

Answer 6

• building 2nd largest dam to improve water-flow and produce electricity in India (govn made decisions)

CONS
245 villages drowned
govn is corrupt
37,500 hectares of farmland drowned
450 milli donated
40,000 families displaced

PROS
1450 Mw of power
preparing India for a golden age
2.5 milli people better have access to this drinking water
2.1 milli hectares of irrigated land

economic benefits:
- encourages economic development - provides drinking water/electricity for cities
economic problem:
- small business farmers lose land

social benefit:
- drinking water/electricity/light/cooking/phone
social problem:
- drowned farm/villages/religious monuments
- could trigger earthquakes

environmental benefit:
- water to lands that need it
environmental problem:
- flooded farms