Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geography > Development Dilemmas > Flashcards

Development Dilemmas Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
U.S. Geography flashcards World Geography flashcards
1
Q

What is Gross Domestic Product?

A

GDP is the value of all goods and services produced in one year in a country. It is shown as a total, or per person (per capita) by dividing the total by the population.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the multiplier effect?

A
  1. People move there for jobs
  2. As new workers earn, they spend - creating demand for additional companies
  3. They also need services such as housing creating jobs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a core region?

A

Over time the multiplier effect gets greater and a whole region develops, called a core region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a periphery region?

A

Areas that do less well get left behind. These are called periphery regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the cycle of poverty?

A
  1. Subsistence agriculture
  2. Little or no surplus farm produce
  3. Little or no income
  4. No investment in machinery or materials
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a person’s average income in Bihar, India?

A

£75 per person p/a (33% of India’s average income)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What percentage of Bihar’s population live in rural areas?

A

86% with most working in farming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What percentage of households in Bihar live below the poverty line?

A

55% of households live below the poverty line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How many households in 2003 had electricity and flushing toilets in Bihar?

A

58.8% had electricity

12% had water-flushed toilets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the fertility rate in Bihar?

A

4.4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where is Bihar?

A

India

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why do rural families need more children?

A

To work on the land + collect water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why do women in Bihar struggle?

A
  • India’s poorest literacy rates
  • Poorer than men
  • Rarely own land, usually working as poorly paid labourers
  • Have few rights
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name 2 top-down schemes in Bihar

A

The Green Revolution

The Gene Revolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What was the Green Revolution?

A
  • Farmers provided with High Yielding Variety seeds

- New rice plants grew more quickly + produce more grain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What were the results of the Green Revolution?

A
  • Farmers have to buy new seeds every year
  • HYV seeds need irrigation water, fertilisers + pesticides
  • Only larger, wealthier farmers can afford this
  • Crop yields are much higher for the wealthy
17
Q

What was the Gene Revolution?

A

Genetically Modified crops that can resist drought + disease

18
Q

What are the problems with the Gene Revolution?

A
  • GM crops are controlled by TNCs e.g. Monsanto
  • Patent laws mean they own all crops grown from their seed
  • Some force farmers to sign contracts to use only their chemicals or prevent them from saving seed for next year
19
Q

Name a bottom-up solution in India

A

Biogas

20
Q

Name a place in India where biogas has been used

A

Biogas has brought benefits to villages in Tumkur

21
Q

What are the benefits of biogas in India?

A
  • Smoke free kitchen, reduced eye + lung problems
  • Women + children freed from gathering firewood so children can go to school
  • 80% families use this time to earn extra income
  • Some families have increase their income by 80%
22
Q

How many biogas plants have been built across India?

A

4 million cow dung biogas plants have been built

23
Q

How many jobs have been created from biogas plants?

A

200,000 permanent jobs have been created, mostly in rural areas

24
Q

Name a top-down project in India?

A

The Narmada River scheme

25
Q

What are the benefits of the Narmada River dam?

A
  • Provides 3.5 billion litres drinking water a day
  • Provides 1450 megawatts of power a day
  • Irrigate 1.8 million hectares of farmland across India
26
Q

What are the problems with the Narmada River dam?

A
  • 234 villages drowned, forcing 320,000 people out
  • Religious + historic sites flooded
  • Few villages can afford energy generated
  • Irrigation can increase soil salinity making it less usable
  • Good quality farmland submerged

Geography (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions