Development: Cerebral Palsy/NTD Flashcards
What is a myelomeningocele
spina bifida- bones do not fuse cord exposed
when does spina bifida occur
during early gestation
what part of the spine is associated with spina bifida
any part, usually lower
complications associated with myelomeningocele
permanent loss of sensory and motor function usually not total loss of movement
what is hydrocephalus
build up of fluid in brain. displaced cerebellum allowing CSF in
how is hydrocephalus treated
shunt to drain CSF
consequences of myelomeningocele
clubbed foot, lack of sensation, weakness below cord
primary screening for spina bifida
2nd trimester cranial and spinal ultrasound.
Screen AFP levels
Diagnostic tests for spina bifida
amniocentesis
Two types of spina bifida
Spina bifida occulta: cutaneous manifestations (birth mark, dimple- small disturbances)
Spina bifida Cystica: external sac, meningocele or myelomeningocele (most common, nerve endings exposed)
Pre-op management of spina bifida
neurologic assessment (reflexes, tactile stimulation, input/output) care of sac positioning and feeding skin care family support
spina bifida surgical post op care
vital signs input and output neuro signs IV fluids pain management monitor for infection (LOW than normal temp in babies) positioning incision care
What is a VP shunt
ventriculoperitoneal shunt
COILED for growth
why would you measure head circumference post-op VP shunt surgery
fluid build up- fontanelles not closed so allows for this. no way of knowing it is growing otherwise
What is a common allergy development in a child with spina bifida
latex allergy
Complication of shunts include
infection malfunctioning (kinking, plugging, seperation)
Signs and symptoms of INCREASE intracranial pressure:
infants: fever, poor fever, irritability
children: headache, disturbances, confusion, los developmental tasks
diminished LOC
What is cerebral palsy
most common motor disability associated with delayed and abnormal motor skills
types of CP
spastic, dyskinetic, ataxic, and mixed
What is HIE therapy and what is it used for
cerebral palsy: hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE): cooling to prevent hypoxia (lack of oxygen) for insult around delivery time
management for CP
HIE
surgeries: tendon lengthening
medications: to decrease muscle spasticity
complications CP
malnutrition increase aspiration skin breakdown dental breakdown from seizure meds constipation infections
What protein are you looking for when screening for spina bifida
AFP: alpha-fetoprotein
