development across lifespan and peds

Question 1

infancy

development stage

Answer 1

birth to 1 year
- rapid growth
- high level of dependence on caregiver
- interactions with environment
- immunizations starting at 2 months
- solid food at 6 months

Question 2

infancy body changes

Answer 2

anterior closes at 18 months and posterior at 2 months

Question 3

infancy milestones

2 months

Answer 3

• move head side to side
• tracts w/eyes
• coos
• smile
• hold head up on stomach

Question 4

infancy milestones

4 months

Answer 4

• likes play
• babbling
• hold and reach
• remember faces
• roll over

Question 5

infancy milestones

6 months

Answer 5

• sit up with support
• stranger anxiety
• early vowels
• recognize and respond to name
• likes looking in mirror

Question 6

infancy milestones

8-9 months

Answer 6

• sit up without support
• crawling
• pulling self up
• pincer grasp (thumb and index finger)
• move objects from hand to hand
• object permanence

Question 7

infancy milestones

10-12 months

Answer 7

• walking
• follow simple commands
• simple words
• separation anxiety

Question 8

infancy according to erikson

Answer 8

trust vs. mistrust
- can i left my caregiver out of sight
- trusting child ventures outward vs. clinging
- elicits care from others

Question 9

toddler

development stage

Answer 9

age 1-3
- rapid development of motor skills and language
- exploration and limit testing
- self as a seperate
- basic cause and effect

Question 10

toddler according to erikson

Answer 10

autonomy vs shame/doubt
- independence and self confidence through exercising choice
- expand social circle

Question 11

preschool/early childhood

development stage

Answer 11

ages 3-6
- rate of physical growth slows
- learning social skills
- memories
- imitation/make believe play

Question 12

early childhood according to erikson

Answer 12

initiative vs guilt
- planning and taking action; use of immagination
- asking questions; early sense of right or wrong
- testing limits which causes conflicts
- peers gain significance

Question 13

school age/middle childhood

development stage

Answer 13

ages 6-12
- increase in cognitive and social skills
- more physically agile
- peer relationships become important
- appreciating others points

Question 14

school age according to erikson

Answer 14

industry vs inferiority
- new skills; physical, cognitive, social
- builds work ethic; competing, cooperating, using rules
- risk taking behaviors for peer acceptance

Question 15

adolesence

development stage

Answer 15

ages 13-19
- puberty and development of physical and sexual maturity
- establishing personal identity and values
- risk taking behaviors
- concerns with broad social problems
- ‘who am i and what do i believe in’

Question 16

adolesence according to erikson

Answer 16

identity vs role confusion
- beliefs
- questioning emotions and feelings
- fitting in social demands
- working through conflicts

Question 17

infancy education

Answer 17

• maintain consistent routines
• hold whie smiling and speaking softly to convey trust
• have them touch different textures

Question 18

toddler education

Answer 18

• use play to teach
• offer picture books
• use simple words

Question 19

preschooler education

Answer 19

• use role play, immitation, and play
• encourage questions and offer explanations
• use simple demonstrations
• encourage to work with others

Question 20

school age children education

Answer 20

• teach necessary psychomotor skills
• offer opportunities to discuss health problems and answer questions

Question 21

adolescent education

Answer 21

• help learn about feelings and need for self expression
• collaborate on teaching activities
• let them make decisions about health
• use problem solving to help make choices