Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychology 1XX3 > Development > Flashcards

Development Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Maturation

A

Biologically timed changes within an individual determined by environmental factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Learning

A

Development of thought, behavior, and feelings through experiences. Permanent changes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Interactionist’s Perspective

A

Belief that development reflects interaction between learning and maturation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Habituation

A

Subject repeatedly presented stimulus and monitored physiological response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Dishabituation

A

Change in stimulus increases response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Event-related Potential

A

Electrical activity measured in presence of stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

High-amplitude Sucking Method

A

Infant sucks on a soother at a measured base rate and then can suck on soother if it likes the music presented or stop sucking if it doesn’t

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Preference Method

A

Presented 2 stimuli and see which one it prefers to look at

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Competence-performance distinction

A

If it fails task it may not be because it is lacking the cognitive ability, but because it is incapable of demonstrating those abilities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Longitudinal Measurements

A

Repeatedly measure the same individual at various ages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Longitudinal Advantages and Disadvantages

A

Advantages: Allows researchers to assess developmental changes

Disadvantages: Expensive and time consuming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Selective Attrition

A

Loss of participants so study cannot reflect population as a whole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Practice Effects

A

Changes in participant’s responses due to repeated testing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cross-sectional Design

A

Compares individuals from many age groups at one time point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cross-sectional Design Advantages and Disadvantages

A

Advantages: can uncover age differences and less time consuming

Disadvantages: Does not express development throughout an individual’s lifespan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Zygote

A

cell formed by sperm and egg

17
Q

Chromosomes

A

human genes, 23 given from each parent to child

18
Q

Monozygotic twins

A

Identical twins. Both come from one zygote which splits into two

19
Q

Dizygotic twins

A

Two different zygotes conceived at the same time

20
Q

Autosomes

A

chromosomes that are similar in males and females

21
Q

Sex chromosome

A

Father passes on X (girl) or Y (boy) chromosomes

22
Q

Genotype

A

an individual’s inherited genes

23
Q

Phenotype

A

Characteristics

24
Q

Polygenic Inheritance

A

When phenotype determined by multiple genes

25
Q

Dominant-Recessive Inheritance

A

Dominant and recessive alleles

26
Q

Codominance

A

A phenotype is equally expressed as a compromise by two genes

i.e. blood type

27
Q

Sex-Linked Inheritance

A

Genes expressed on X chromosome. Sex-linked disorders less common in females.

28
Q

Behaviourist Perspective

A

Behaviour is a product of environment

29
Q

Genetic Perspective

A

Behaviour is a product of environment

30
Q

Canalization Principle

A

Genotype restricts phenotype to a smaller number of possible outcomes

31
Q

Babbling

A

All infants follow same developmental sequence of babbling, regardless of environment

32
Q

Range of Reaction Principle

A

Our genotype establishes range of possible phenotypes whose expression is dependent on environmental condition

33
Q

Passive Correlations

A

Environment that parents choose to raise their child in influenced by parent’s genes and will therefore likely mesh with the child. Most influential early in life

34
Q

Evocative Correlations

A

The traits inherited affect how others react and behave towards you. Always influential

35
Q

Active correlation

A

Genotype influences environment you will seek. Most influential later in life

36
Q

Twin studies on contribution of genes and the environment

A

Identical twins express more similar traits behaviourally than fraternal meaning genes play a larger role

Psychology 1XX3 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions