Development Flashcards
At what age should a child be able to lift their head in a prone position and exhibit a social smile?
2 months
At what age should a child be able to rollover and laugh/squeal?
4 months
At what age should a child be able to sit unassisted?
6 months
At what age do children often exhibit stranger anxiety?
6 months
At what age should a child be able to crawl and pull themselves to a stand?
9 months
Around what age do children begin to say their first words?
9 months
At what age do children walk/throw things? How many words do they use?
1 year
- Can use 1-3 words
At what age should a child be able to walk up and down steps and jump?
2 years
When does toilet training usually begin?
2 years - boys are slower than girls to learn
At what age should children be able to ride a tricycle and climb stairs with alternating feet?
3 years
At what age should children be able to hop, know colors/numbers and play?
4 years
At what age should speech be 100% intelligible?
4 years
At what age should children be able to skip, walk backwards, tie shoelaces?
5 years
For premature infants less than 2 years old, their developmental milestones should be adjusted how?
The amount of months that they were born early is subtracted from their current age and they should be able to be at that developmental level
What is measured at each well-child check?
Weight
Height
Head Circumference
What is a normal weight loss for infants?
Up to 10% weight loss of birth weight but this needs to be regained by 14 days old!
What is Failure to Thrive?
Persistent weight < 5th percentile OR
Falling off the growth curve by crossing 2 major percentile lines
There are organic (underlying medical conditions) and nonorganic (psychosocial factors) that can cause Failure to Thrive. What should you do?
Obtain dietary history, observe formula preparation and look for neglect
What is the treatment for Failure to Thrive?
Hospitalize
Calorie Count
Supplemental nutrition
Describe normal growing pains
- Occurs between 2-12 years old
- Bilateral crampy LE pain that is worse at night
- NORMAL activity/PE
What is the average age of onset of puberty in girls and boys?
Girls = 10.5
Boys = 11.5
Describe the Tanner stages
Stage 1 = Pre-puberty
Stage 2 = breast bud with sparse pubic hair
Stage 3 = breast elevation
Stage 4 = Areolar mound with coarse pubic hair
Stage 5 = Adulthood with thighs NOT spared
What is the order of puberty for girls?
Thelarche
Pubarche
Growth spurt
Menarche
What is the order of puberty for boys?
Gonadarche
Pubarche
Adrenarche
Growth spurt
What defines precocious puberty?
Signs of sexual maturation before ages 8 and 9 in girls and boys respectively
What defines delayed puberty?
No signs of sexual maturation after ages 13 and 14 in girls and boys respectively
What is Constitutional Growth Delay?
“Late bloomers”
Growth curve lags behind normal but remains consistent
– usually a (+) family history and children will eventually reach target height!
What is a distinguishing feature of Constitutional Growth Delay?
Delayed bone age
Enuresis is normal up until 5-7. What is the treatment?
Positive reinforcement, rewards, restrict bedtime fluids, Desmopressin/Anticholingeric meds
The year that the child is old, is the number of?
Words they can use in phrases
