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Microanatomy > Dev of Male and Female Repro Sys > Flashcards

Dev of Male and Female Repro Sys Flashcards

1
Q

Urogential & Genital System

A

Unsegmented intermed mesoderm & mesonephric duct will become parts in male genital system.

Both come from intermediate mesoderm

*excretory mesonephric tubules will f shortly as nephrons; from unsegmented intermed mesoderm

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2
Q

Male Dev

A

Depents on SRY on Y chrom in order to develop as male

Identical to female until end of week 6

W/o SRY- will develop female

Gonads diff b/t sexes @ week 7

Primordial germ cells visible in 4th week among endoderm of yolk sac wall. Migrate to yolk sac via dorsal mesentary to genital ridges!

If germ cells fail to reach genital ridges in week 5= no further dev of testes/ovaries

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3
Q

Developing Gonad

A

Black= mesothelium

Brown= mesenchyme

Gonads form simply by prolif of mesothelium & condensation of mesenchyme underneath

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4
Q

Paramesonephric Ducts (Mullerian Duct)

A

Form by invagination of mesothelium

These are female ducts

*in orange* *not gonad but paramesonephric duct*

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5
Q

Primitive Sex Cords

A

Before primordial germ cell arrival

Epith of genital ridge prolif and penetrate into mesenchyme

Gonad is known as indifferent gonad!

SRY gene there= testis due to Testis Determining Factor protein TDF

If no SRY= ovary

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6
Q

Teste Development

A

Primitive sex cords prolif & penetrate deep into medulla to form medullary cords= will become rete testis & seminiferous tubules

Primordial germ cells= spermatogonia

Sertoli cells= from mesothelium

Interstial cells of Leydig= from mesenchye, active 8 weak-4 month & then quite until puberty

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7
Q

Ovary Development

A

Primitive Sex cords develop into medullary cords but then degen & replaced by ovarian Medulla

Week 7- corticol cords from mesothelium.

Month 4- cortical cords split to give follicles

Primordial Germ cells- oogonia

*no tunica albuginea

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8
Q

Genital Duct Dev

A

Week 6= indifferent stage

Both male & female embryos have:

  • mesonephric/wolffian ducts (blue)
  • paramesonephric/ mullerian ducts
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9
Q

Genital Ducts in Male

A

BLUE

  • mesonephric duct (appendix epididymis, ductus deferens, ductus epididymis)
  • excretory mesonephric tubules (ductuli efferentes, paradidymis)

ORANGE

  • paramesonephric duct (appendix testis, prostatic utricle)
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10
Q

Other Embryological Structures

A

Seminiferous Tubules & Rete Testis= from primitive sex cords

Ductuli efferents= from excretory tubules (epigenital) of mesonephros

Ductus deferens & ductus epididymis= from mesonephric/wollfian duct

Vestigial structures in male= appendix epididymis (very cranial part of mesonephric ducts) & paradidymis (paragenital tubules) BLUE

= prostatic utricle & appendix testis ORANGE

**both appendices may become twisted; appendage torsion

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11
Q

Genital Ducts in Female

A

ORANGE

  • paramesonephric ducts- oviducts, uterus, upper part of vagina
  • if you want a vagina need the paramesonephric tubercle

BLUE

  • remaining mesonephros: epoophoron, paroophoron, Gartner’s cyst
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12
Q

Primitive Urogenital Sinus & Vagina

A

Primitive urogenital sinus= urinary bladder & lower part of vagina

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13
Q

Primitive urogenital sinus & vagina 2

A
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14
Q

Origins of Vagina

A

Oviduct, uterus & upper vagina from paramesonephric duct

lower part from sinovaginal bulb/urogenital sinus

imperforate hymen= can be corrected surgically

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15
Q

In Males

A

Remnant Of Homolog To

Appendix Testis: cranial mullerian oviduct

Prostatic utricle: caudal mullerian uterus

Seminal colliculus: sinus tubercle hymen

All in ORANGE

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16
Q

In Females

A

Remanant of

Epoophoron: cranial mesonephric duct

Paraoophoron: some tubules

Gartner’s cyst: caudal part of mesonephric duct

*all in BLUE*

17
Q

Homologues

A

Male prostate gland

Female urethral & paraurethral glands

Male bulbourethral glands

Female greater vesticular glads

Male seminal vesicls

No female homologue

18
Q

Summary

A
19
Q

Uterine & Vaginal Defects

A
20
Q

External Genitalia

A

Indifferent stage= 6th week

Cloacl folds= fromed by mesenchyme cell migrating around cloacal mem

Cranially cloacal folds unite to form genital tubercle

Caudally cloacal folds subdivided into urethral folds and anal folds

Genital swellings appear at same time, later become scrotal swellings in male & labia majora in female

21
Q

Male External Genitals

A

Androgen stimulates elongation of genital tubercle (phallus), contains glans & shaft of penis

Definitive urogenital sinus- penile urethra

Urethral fold- penis surrounding penile (spongy) urethra

Genital fold- scrotum

22
Q

Male

A
23
Q

Female External Genitals

A

Genital tubercle- clitoris

Definitive urogenital sinus- vestibule

Urethral fold- labia minora

Genital fold- labia majora

24
Q

Imperforate Hymen

A

Hydrometrocolpos

25
Q

Hypospadias

A

Incomplte fusion of urethral folds lead to abnormal opening of urethra occur along ventral aspect of penis

26
Q

Epispadias

A

exstrophy of the bladder

Urethral openings found on the dorsal aspect of the penis

Genital tubercle form in the region of the urorectal septum

27
Q

Micropenis

A

Insufficient androgen stimulation (primary hypogonadism or hypothalamic or pituitary dysfunction)

28
Q

Bifid penis/double penis

A

genital tubercle splits

29
Q

Klinefelter Syndrome

A

47 XXY or XXXY

infertility

gynecomastia

varying degrees of sexual maturation

30
Q

Swyer Syndrome

A

XY female gonadal dysgenesis

Oocytes absent

Pt mutation or deletions of SRY

Normal feamle but no menstruation or second sex characteristics

31
Q

Turner Syndrome

A

45, X

Gonadal dysgenesis (no oocyte)

Short stature

webbed neck

cardia & renal anomalies

32
Q

Hermaphrodites

A

Indivds with characteristics of both sexes

True: both testicular & ovarian tissue; 70% 46 XX but amiguous external genitals

Pseudohermaphrodies: genotypic sex is masked by phenotypic sex & apperance closely resembles other sex

  • female, ovary present 46 XX
  • Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (adrenogenital syndrom) –> decreased steroid hormone productioon–> increase in ACTH–> increase in androgen
  • male, testis present 46 XY. Reduced androgens & MIS internal & external sex chars vary (depends on external genitalia & paramesonephric derivatives)
33
Q

Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome

A

Testicular feminization

46 XY, x linked recessive

lack of androgen R

normal female appearance

Androgen & MIS presnet

no uterus or oviducts

short & blind vagina

Testes but no spermatogenesis

33% develop malignancies

34
Q

Descent of Testes

A

Gubernaculum- condensed mesenchyme

Processus vaginalis- evagination of peritoneal cavity

35
Q

Descent of Ovary

A

Microanatomy (9 decks)

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