determining level of lesion causing weakness

Question 1

Determining level of the lesion causing weakness:
1.) Circumscribed lesion of the motor cortex (Br4)

Answer 1

causes contralateral flaccid weakness, mainly affecting distal muscles.

Question 1

2.) Lesion of the corona radiata and the internal capsule

Answer 1

causes contralateral severe spastic hemiparesis with involvement of the lower part of the face and the tongue.

Question 2

3.) Isolated lesion of the corticospinal tract in the cerebral peduncle and lesion of the pyramid in the medulla cause

Answer 2

flaccid weakness, however the joint lesion of all descending tracts leads to spastic hemiparesis.

Question 3

4.) Unilateral lesion of the base of the pons causes

Answer 3

contralateral hemiplegia/paresis, often sparing the face.

Question 4

5.) Bilateral lesion of the base of the pons causes

Answer 4

tetraparesis/plegia.

Question 5

6.) Unilateral lesion of the cervical spinal cord at the level of C1-4 segments

Answer 5

causes ipsilateral spastic hemiparesis.

Question 6

7.) Bilateral lesion of the cervical spinal cord at the level of C1-4 segments

Answer 6

causes spastic quadriparesis.

Question 7

8.) Lesion of the cervical spinal cord at the level of C5-Th1 segments causes

Answer 7

spastic weakness of the lower limbs and flaccid weakness of the upper limbs.

Question 8

9.) Lesion of the thoracic spinal cord causes

Answer 8

spastic paraparesis (or ipsilateral spastic monoparesis in case of a unilateral lesion).

Question 9

10.) Lesion of the lumbosacral spinal cord causes

Answer 9

flaccid paraparesis.

Question 10

11.) Lesion of spinal motoneurons and anterior roots causes

Answer 10

flaccid weakness of segmental distribution (in the corresponding myotomes).

Question 11

12.) Lesion of peripheral nerves causes

Answer 11

flaccid weakness in the distribution of the given nerve.

Question 12

13.) Polyneuropathy typically causes

Answer 12

distal symmetrical flaccid weakness of the limbs, first on the lower limbs.

Question 13

14.) Myopathy typically causes

Answer 13

proximal symmetrical flaccid weakness of the limbs, primarily on the lower limbs.