Designers And Design Movements Flashcards
How did the Arts and Crafts movement start and what is it about (+Who founded it?)
- Movement went from 1850-1920
- People had become fed up with the steam engine and mechanisation
- Factories meant that craftsmen were less appreciated
- William Morris believed industrial production has made us less creative. He wanted to celebrate craftsmanship
- He wanted to see craftsmanship in what he sold at Morris&Co
- Although we rely on technology now, we also care why and how products are made.
Who was William Morris?
- He was a craftsman, who was also a poet and a writer
- He owned the company Morris & Co
- He spearheaded the Arts and Crafts movement in 1863
What did William Morris want in the Arts and Crafts Movement
- William Morris wanted items to be more bespoke and made with more individuality.
- He wants things to be individual and unique
- He wanted craftsmen to be more appreciated for honing their skills over the years
Arts and Crafts Movement Definition
The arts and crafts movement was made up of English designers and writers who wanted a return to well-made, handcrafted goods instead of mass-produced, poor quality machine-made items.
Arts and Crafts Characteristics
- Handmade
- Simple forms with little ornamentation
- Beauty of natural materials
- Copper and pewter - often with hammered finish
- Stylised flowers, allegories from the Bible and literature, upside down hearts, Celtic motifs
What was the Bauhaus and what did they do
- It reached its peak between the two World Wars
- The Bauhaus offered training in a variety of disciplines
- They believed the world need to be fundamentally re-though, bringing in more minimalistic ideas
- They produced the first simple, mass-produced chair
- Bauhaus was about making simple, minimal design
What are Bauhaus’s 4 Main Design Principles
- “Form follows function”
- “Everyday objects for everyday people”
- “Products for a machine age”
- “Geometrically pure forms”
What did Bauhaus mean by “Form follows function”
An object’s appearance should be influenced mainly by what it is intended to do. In other words, a product’ appearance should not be the most important factor. Above all, it should function well.
What did Bauhaus mean by “Everyday objects for everyday people”
Products should be affordable to a wide range of consumers
What did Bauhaus mean by “Products for a machine age”
Products should be made with the use of mechanised processes and modern materials
What did Bauhaus mean by “Geometrically pure forms”
Designs should use vertical, horizontal geometric shapes and clean lines with no fuss or clutter. They should also use basic tones and primary colours.
Who was Dieter Rams (and what is his work similar to)
Dieter Rams wasn’t a member of the Bauhaus school of design. His work follows the same “Form follows function” principles, but the Bauhaus was closed in 1933 and Dieter Rams was born in 1932.
His work does, however, reflect his reaction to the needs of the post-Second World War Germany. In similar ways to the influence of the First World War on the Bauhaus.
What were Dieter Rams’ 10 Principles of Good Design
- Good design is innovative
- Good design makes a product useful
- Good design aesthetic
- Good design makes a product understandable
- Good design is unobtrusive
- Good design is honest
- Good design is long lasting
- Good design is thorough down to the last detail
- Good design is environmentally friendly
- Good design is as little design as possible
What is Modernism
Modernism refers to a global movement in society and culture that from the early decades of the 20th century sought a new alignment with the experience and values of modern industrial life.
Examples of Modernism
- Bauhaus
- De Stijl
- Memphis design
