Describing drugs and routes of administration Flashcards
pharmacology
study of drugs
pharmacokinetics
movement of drugs within the body
pharmacodynamics
effects of the drug and mechanism of action
clinical pharmacology
science of drugs and their clinical use
chemical name
long scientific name, chemical composition
nonproprietary name
generic name
proprietary name
trade name, capitalized followed by R or TM
generic equivalent
copycat drug produced by different manufacturer after original patent expires
dosage forms
solids, solutions, suspensions, suppositories, lotion, ointments/creams, injectable drugs
solids
tablets, capsules, enteric-coated tablets
solutions
drug dissolved in liquid; not settled
suspensions
drug suspended but not dissolved in liquid
suppositories
inserted into rectum and dissolved; gel form
lotion
topical drug suspension or solution
ointments/creams
semisolid topical dosage form; pastes
injectable drugs
by needle and syringe
ophthalmic medications
ointments, solutions, suspensions
otic medications
solutions, suspensions
transdermal
across the skin, into the blood stream; patch or gel
parts of the syringe
hub, shaft, bevel
gauge
inner measurement or opening of the needle
tuberculin syringes
hold up to 1mL of solution; used with smaller gauge needle
insulin syringes
in units; designed for insulin injections only as it will correspond with the medication. if not available, medication can be converted into mL so a tuberculin syringe can be used
luer lock syringe
allows the needle to be screwed onto the tip
slip tip syringe
allows easily to attach the needle and ability to line up the bevel of the needle to the gradients of the syringe.
eccentric tip syringe
allows for a better angle when placing the syringe against the animal; for stability and accessing a vein
catheter tip syringe
primarily for feeding or animas; allows for attachment of a catheter or tube
types of injections
intramuscular, subcutaneous, intravenous, intradermal
intravenous (IV)
directly into the vein
bolus
IV administration as a single volume at one time
infusion
IV administration over time and often hooked up to IV fluids
continuous rate infusion CRI
IV administration over long period of time
intra-arterial
into an artery
extravascular/perivascular
accidentally outside the blood vessel
intradermal ID
administration within the skin
intramuscular IM
directly into muscle mass
subcutaneous SC/SQ
administration beneath the skin; below epidermis and dermis into the subcutaneous tissue
intraperitoneal IP
into the abdominal body cavity; used to rehydrate small animals and warm up body temperature
topical administration
applied to surface of the skin
drug form alternatives
chewables, transdermal gels, suspensions, ophthalmics, pill pockets
the name for a drug form that separates when left standing is
suspension
a compounded transdermal gel can be used to administer medication in animals that are difficult to medicate
true
an injection given in the dermis layer (between the epidermis and hypodermis) would be?
ID - intradermal
if the concern is that the needle will come off during administration of a thick fluid, which type of syringe tip would be ideal to use?
luer lock
another term for non-proprietary name is?
generic name
