Describe the causes and effects of obstruction in various locations within the urinary tract Flashcards
Stricture
narrowing of valves due to the valves (inflammation or the valve is just narrowing)
stenosis
build up on the inside of the valve (ureter)
fibrous band
scar tissue or something that is wrapping around the ureter that is causing it to strict)
prostate hypertrophy
prostate enlarges and closes access to urethra
Upper Tract: Hydroureter
dilation of ureter
Upper Tract: Hydronephrosis
enlargement of renal pelvis/calyces
Upper Tract: Kidney Stones
masses of crystals, proteins, or other substances that cause UT obstructions
Upper Tract: After 7 days
there is a buildup of urine and flow is slowed
Upper Tract: After 28 days
the glomerular is damaged. This can lead to metabolic acidosis, decreased urine concentration, decreased urine filtration, and dehydration
Lower Tract: Neurogenic Bladder
bladder dysfuntion caused by neurologic disorders
Lower Tract: Neurogenic Bladder - dyssynergia
loss of coordinated neuromuscular contraction
Lower Tract: Neurogenic Bladder - Detrusor Hyperreflexia
motor neuron disorder where bladder empties automatically when it
becomes full and external sphincter functions normally
Lower tract: Overactive Bladder Syndrome
detrusor overactivity; involuntary detrusor contractions during bladder
filling phase
Lower tract: Obstructions to Urine Flow - Urethral Stricture
narrowing of lumen from infection, injury, or surgical scarring
Lower tract: Obstructions to Urine Flow - Prostate Enlargement
in men; acute inflammation that causes folds and urine gets trapped, which causes the infection
