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DERMATOLOGY > DermPath > Flashcards

DermPath Flashcards

1
Q

diagnosis of epidermal tumors slammed up against the epidermis

A

S- scc (keratin +)
L- leomyosarcoma (desmin +, smooth muscle actin)
A- afx
M- melanoma (s100+)

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2
Q

Differences between KA and SCC

A

KA - never acantholysis, has neutrophil microabcesses, eos, and collagen trapping

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3
Q

Pagets Disease immuno markers

A

CK7+
S100-
CEA +
PAS+, diastase negative bc of sialomucin (difference from Bowens which is diastase positive)

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4
Q

multiple pilomatricomas are associated with which disease?

A

Myotonic Dystrophy

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5
Q

Stains strongly in BCC

A

BCL-2

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6
Q

Which two paisley tie tumor dx do you see horn cysts in?

A

Desmoplastic Tricho ep

MAC

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7
Q

What do desmoplastic trichoeps have that none of the other paisley tie tumors have?

A

calcification

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8
Q

syringomas look like what on physical exam and are common in whom?

A

Red small papules on the lower lids, common in downs patients

on path are a paisley tie tumor with no horn cysts calcification or perinueral invasion

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9
Q

Fibrofolliculoma is the same this as:

A

Trichodiscoma

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10
Q

Multiple fibrofolliculomas, trichodiscomas, acrochordons

A 
Birt-Hogg-Dube
(likely they are all the same thing)
\+chromophobe RCC
\+renal oncocytomas
\+spontaneous pneumothorax
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11
Q

Kamino bodies

A

Spitz Nevus

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12
Q

translocation in clear cell sarcoma

A

(t12,t22)(q13,q12)

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13
Q

ddx of collections of neutrophils within the stratum corneum:

A

Psoriasis, tinea, candida, syphilis, seb derm, impetigo

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14
Q

Diagnoses with plasma cells:

A 
Syphilis 
Kaposis
Leichmeniasis
Squamous cell
Melaonma
Rhinoscleroma
Tuberculosis
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15
Q

What is the pneumonic for spongiosis with eos? and what does is stand for

A 
HAAPIE
Herpes gestationis
arthropod bite
allergic contact derm
pemphigus
pemphigoid 
incontia pigmenti
e tox
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16
Q

Subcorneal split

  • essentially in the granular layer
  • dsg-1
A

Pemphigus folieceous

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17
Q

Medlar bodies

A

copper pennies in Chromoblastomycosis

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18
Q

“chain of coins, or brass knuckles”

A

Lobomycosis

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19
Q

deep fungal inx associated with dolphins

A

Lobomycosis

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20
Q

Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon

A

yeast cell surrounded by eosinophilic fringe (also known as Asteroid body)

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21
Q

thick walled spherules loaded with endospores

A

Coccidiodomycosis

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22
Q

broad based budding

A

Blastomycosis

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23
Q

Mariners wheel

A

PUaracoccidiodomycosis (south american blastomycosis)

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24
Q

Morula

A

Protothecosis

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25
Q

Which is positive for which (DFSP vs DF)

  • CD34
  • Factor XIIIa
A

DFSP - CD34 (has abt 34 letters)

DF- Factor XIIIa (has abt 13 letters)

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26
Q

Which is positive for which (DFSP vs DF)

  • CD34
  • Factor XIIIa
A

DFSP - CD34 (has abt 34 letters), factor XIIIa negative

DF- Factor XIIIa (has abt 13 letters), CD34 negative

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27
Q

What spindled tumor is CD68+?

A

AFX

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28
Q

Conditions in which you find angiod streaks

A 
P-penacillamine
E- ehlers danlos
P- PXE
S- sickle cell
I- increased phosphate
L- lead poisoning
T- thalessemia
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29
Q

Conditions with spongiosis with eosinophils:

A 
H- herpes gestationis
A- allergic contact derm
A- arthropod 
P- pemphigoid
P- pemphigus
I- incognitia pigmenti
E- e tox
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30
Q

Conditions with spongiosis with eosinophils:

A 
H- herpes gestationis
A- allergic contact derm
A- arthropod 
P- pemphigoid
P- pemphigus
I- incognitia pigmenti
E- e tox
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31
Q

Stains for mast cells

A

Leider
Toltidine blue
Giemsa
CD117

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32
Q

Epitheliod Sarcoma histo markers

A

Vimentin
Pankeratin
EMA (Epithelial membrane antigen)

*epitheliod sarcomas has features of an epithelial cells and of sarcoma cells

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33
Q

Culture medium used for Mycobacteria

A

Lowenstein-Jensen

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34
Q

Culture medium for Neisseria Gonorhhea

A

Chocolate agur

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35
Q

Culture medium for staph or strep

A

Sheep blood agar

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36
Q

Russel Bodies

A

Plasma cells with immunoglobulin within them
Found in:
Rhinoscleroma
&Granuloma inguinale

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37
Q

Donovan bodies

A

Granuloma inguinale

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38
Q

DDs for PEH with pus:

A

Here Come Big Green Leafy Veggies

Halogenoderma
Chromomycosis
Blastomycosis
Granuloma inguinale
Leichmeniasis
V pemphigus vegetans
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39
Q

Globi found in the dermis

A

Lepromatous Leprosy

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40
Q

Donovan bodies

A

Granuloma inguinale (organisms within histiocytes)

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41
Q

Mycobacteria (Lepromatous Leprosy) stain well with:

A

Fite stain

*NOTE= tuburculoid leprosy does not stain well with Fite stain

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42
Q

Guaneri bodies

A

Smallpox

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43
Q

The presence of which types of cells help distinguish LyP from PLEVA?

A

CD30+ cells (present in LyP but not PLEVA)

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44
Q

Name two endothelial cell markers

A

CD31, CD34

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45
Q

What stain is used to identify cells of mesenchymal origen?

A

Vimentin

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46
Q

What finding clinches the diagnosis for infantile digital fibroma?

A

Pink Red inclusions within cells

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47
Q

Finding: pink/red inclusions within cells of a big pink dermal ball

A

Infantile digital fibromatosus

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48
Q

Pustulo-ovoid bodies of Milan

A

Granular cell tumor

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49
Q

Virchow cells

A

Lepromatous leprosy

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50
Q

Sudan III stain

A

Used to stain Virchow cells in lepromatous leprosy

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51
Q

What stain do you use to stain Virchow cells in leprosy

A

Sudan III stain

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52
Q

Most common stain for leprosy

A

Fite stain

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53
Q

Does a DF stain for:

  1. CD34
  2. Factor XIIIa
A

CD34- (This is positive in DFSP)

Factor XIIa +

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54
Q

What will a DF stain with?

A

Factor XIIIa +

CD34-

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55
Q

Variant of DFSP with melanin in it

A

Bednar tumor

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56
Q

Stains of an AFX

A

S186+
CD10+
Procollagen+

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57
Q

What does a cellular neurothekeoma stain with?

A

PGP9.5

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58
Q

What does PGP9.5 stain?

A

Cellular neurothekeoma

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59
Q

Leukemia with following features:

  • bland chromatin (blasts)
  • box car (cells lined up splaying the collagen)
A

Myeloid Leukemia (leukemia cutis)

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60
Q

Classic markers for MF

A

CD3+, CD4+, CD7-

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61
Q

Name the site of each b cell lymphoma clinically:

  1. Marginal zone
  2. Follicle center
A
  1. Marginal zone - extremities

2. Follicle center - head and neck (like a lollipop)

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62
Q

3 Ls of inflammation around the eccrine glands

A

Lupus (lymphocytes or plasmas)
Lymphoma
Lichen Striatus

AND BUGBITE (must have eos)

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63
Q

Von Kossa stains what

A

Calcium

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64
Q

Ber-Ep4 is positive in what type of tumor?

MAC or Desm BCC

A

BCC/Desmo trichoep

Negative in MAC

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65
Q

What stain is used to distinguish MAC from BCC or Desmo trichoep

A

Ber-Ep4 (positive in BCC/Trichoep, negative in MAC)

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66
Q

T/F NLD has mucin deposition

A

False - it does not!

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67
Q

Path stain for mucin

A

Alcian blue
Colloidal iron
Toluidine blue

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68
Q

Characteristic immunohistochemical finding in Pagetoid Reticulosis

A

CD45- (pagetoid reticulosis is a rare type of CTCL found as scaly lesions on the hands and feet)

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69
Q

Merkel cell tests positive for what stain

A

Cytokeratin 20

(Also for CAM5.2, NSE, chromogranin, synaptophysin)

S-100 negative*

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70
Q

Neurofilament stain is positive in everything nerve related except:

A

Schwannoma

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71
Q

Osteoclastic giant cells found in:

A

Giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (no epi)
&
NXG

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72
Q

What part of the hair follicle is a trichelomma derived from?

A

Outer root sheath (glycogen derived)

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73
Q

What cell type differentiates LyP from PLEVA?

A

Eos! (In LyP)

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74
Q

Kamino bodies

A

Spitz

*will never have kamino bodies in melanoma

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75
Q

Histologic findings in morphea, that are different from NSF and scleromyxedema

A

Morphea has plasma cells
Trapped eccrine glands
Morphea has a reduced number of CD34+(unlike scleromyxedema or NSF)

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76
Q

Reduced number of CD34+ cells

A

Morphea

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77
Q

Characteristic staining pattern of nodular amyloid

A

Green birefringence under polarized light with Congo red stain

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78
Q

Is amyloid diastase resistant or positive?

A

Resistant

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79
Q

What type of protein is macular and lichen amyloid derived from?

A

Keratinocyte derived (vs nodular amyloid which is AL light chain derived)

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80
Q

Which is the only cutaneous amyloidosis that is NOT keratinocyte derived?

A

Nodular amyloid

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81
Q

Clinical findings of each of the following:
Lichen amyloid
Macular amyloid
Nodular amyloid

A

Lichen amyloid: highly pruritic shiny flat topped papules on the shins
Macular amyloid: hyperpigmented small firm papule with rippled appearance coalescing into plaque in the interscapular area
Nodular amyloid: single or multiple waxy nodules with purpura on the extremities

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82
Q

Primary systemic amyloidosis due to what type of protein?

A

AL (light chain)

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83
Q

Primary systemic amyloid due to what cause mainly?

A

Multiple Myeloma

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84
Q

Secondary Systemic amyloid due to what type of protein

A

AA (non-immunoglobulin protein; amyloid associated protein)

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85
Q

Type of amyloidosis due to chronic inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, TB, periodic fever syndromes like TRAPS Muckle Wells ect

A

Secondary systemic amyloid

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86
Q

The 5 L’s of eccrine gland inflammation

A 
Lues (syphilis) 
Lichen striatus 
Lymphoma
Pernio
CTCL
Bugbite
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87
Q

Merkel cell stains with what CD marker

A

CD20 in a perinuclear dot pattern

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88
Q

Follicular mucinosis is positive for all of the following except:
CD3, CD4, CD5, CD6, CD7, CD8, CD9, CD10

A

Follicular mucinosis is negative for CD10

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89
Q

What is the most specific stain for Langerhans cells??

A

CD207 (Langerin), stains Birbeck granules

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90
Q

Monocytes/Macrophages stain positive for what?

A

CD68 & HAM56

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91
Q

What is LCH negative for?

A

Factor VIIIa(dendritic cells), & CD68, and HAM56 (macrophages)

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92
Q

Pustulosis-ovoid bodies

A

Granular cell tumor

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93
Q

Who has a granular layer and who does not?

Pilar cyst vs epidermal inclusion cyst

A

EIC - granular layer

Pilar cyst - no granular layer

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94
Q

Name some palisaded granuloma diseases

A

NLD, GA, some venereal diseases

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95
Q

Giant cells seen in the septae of erythema nodosum

A

Miescher’s granulomas

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96
Q

Miescher’s granulomas

A

Giant cells/granulomas seen in the septae of E nodosum

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97
Q

What stain is more specific for calcium than Von Kossa?

A

Alizarin red. *stains calcium red-orange

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98
Q

Most common stain used for calcium

A

Von Kossa

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99
Q

Name the three stains that stain the pink inclusions of infantile digital fibromatosis

A

Masson trichromatic
Movats pentachrome
PTAH (phosphotungistic acid hemotoxylin)

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100
Q

What is another name for the HHV-8 stain to test for Kaposis?

A

LANA-1

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101
Q

LANA-1

A

Another name for the HHV-8 stain that they use to stain Kaposis sarcoma

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102
Q

Translocation in DFSP

A

Chromosome 17:22

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103
Q

Stains for amyloid

Stains for mucin

A

AMYLOID: Thioflavin T, crystal violet, PAS

MUCIN: Alcian blue, colloidal iron, toluidine blue

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104
Q

Marker for Merkel Cell

A

CK20

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105
Q

What is CK20 a marker for?

A

Merkel cell

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106
Q

What marker can you use to help distinguish merkel cell from metastatic breast?

A

CK20 (positive in Merkel Cell and negative in Breast)

107
Q

How would you distinguish nodular amyloid from colloid millium on path?

A

Nodular amyloid will have PLASMA cells

Colloid millium will not, and will also have a background of solar elastosis

108
Q

Name the positive and the negative markers in Pagets

A

Positive: CK7, CEA, Cam5.2
Negative: S100

109
Q

Is Pagets S100 positive or negative?

A

Pagets is S100 negative

110
Q

What are the bodies called found in Spitz nevi

A

Kamino bodies

111
Q

Kamino bodies are found in what lesion

A

Spitz nevi

112
Q

What are Kamino bodies?

A

BMZ material that form eosinophilic globules in Spitz nevi. Stain with PAS

113
Q

What do Kamino bodies stain positive for?

A

PAS (Kamino bodies are found in Spitz nevi)

114
Q

What does PAS stain for?

A

Fungi, basement membrane, and glycogen

Fungus, lupus, Kamino bodies (BMZ), trichilemmoma(glycogen

115
Q

What stain do you use to see fungi?

116
Q

What stain do you use to see BMZ thickening or other?

A

PAS - stains Kamino bodies (BMZ clumps in Spitz nevi), and increased BMZ in lupus and DM

117
Q

Clear cell acanthoma and trichelemmoma stain positive with what stain?

A

PAS stain (because it stains glycogen), and then it becomes negative if you add diastase

118
Q

Most specific stain for LCH

A

CD207 (Langerin)

119
Q

In addition to dermatofibroma, what other common path diagnosis is CD34 lost in?

120
Q

In addition to DFSP, what other common path diagnosis is CD34 found in?

121
Q

What are parasitized histiocytes in Granuloma Inguinale called?

A

Donovan bodies

122
Q

What are parasitized histiocytes in Rhinoscleroma called?

A

Miculitz cells

Russel bodies are also found in Rhinoscleroma but these are eosinophilic bodies found in plasma cells

123
Q

Russel bodies

A

Eosinophilic material found in plasma cells in RHINOSCLEROMA

(Miculitz cells are also found in Rhinoscleroma but these are the parasitized histiocytes)

124
Q

Is cellular neurothekeoma negative or positive for S100?

A

NEGATIVE FOR S100!

125
Q

Atypical mycobacteria culture medium

And how about the stain

A

Lowenstein-Jensen culture media

Ziel-Neelson stain

126
Q

Lowenstein-Jensen culture media used for what

A

Atypical mycobacteria

*note the stain for atypical mycobacteria is Ziellinski-Neelson

127
Q

Ziehl-Neelson stain

A

Atypical mycobacteria

*the culture media for mycobacteria is Lowenstein-Jenson

128
Q

STAIN: CD20

A

B lymphocytes

129
Q

STAIN for B lymphocytes

130
Q

Most commonly used B cell marker

131
Q

What is the target for rituximab?

A

CD20 (B Lymphocytes)

132
Q

What common B cell marker is notably absent in Plasma cells?

A

CD20

*so if you want to stain B cells and plasma cells, you should use CD79a

133
Q

T/F if you want to stain plasma cells, you can use CD20

A

FALSE. Although CD20 is positive in most lymphocytes, it is absent in plasma cells

134
Q

What is a more specific and sensitive marker for staining B lymphocytes besides CD20?

135
Q

PAX-5

A

A more specific and sensitive test for staining B lymphocytes

136
Q

CD79a

A

Stains B lymphocytes AND Plasma cells (bc CD20 only stains B lymphocytes and not plasma cells)

137
Q

What marker do you use to monitor response in rituximab therapy?

138
Q

Name some markers for B lymphocytes

A

CD20 - most common
CD19 - marker for Rituxan therapy
CD79a- marker for B lymphocytes AND plasma cells
PAX-5 - more sensitive and specific marker for B cells

139
Q

Notable CD34+ tumors

A 
DFSP
NSF 
Neurofibromas
Kaposi sarcoma
Fibrofolliculoma/trichodiscoma
Luekemia cutis 
Solitary fibrous tumor.

**CD34 is lost in morphea

140
Q

What common Dermpath dx is CD34+ lost in?

A

Morphea/scleroderma

141
Q

Stains for endothelial cells

A

CD31
CD34
ERG (new hot stain for endothelial cells)
FLI-1 (also new hot stain)

142
Q

CD31

A

Oldie but goodie stain for endothelial cells (new hot stain is ERG or FLI-1)

CD34 is another common old stain for endothelial cells

143
Q

New hot stain for endothelial cells

A

ERG
*also FLI-1

(Older stains are CD31 and CD34)

144
Q

ERG

A

New hot stain for endothelial cells

145
Q

FLI-1

A

Another new hot stain for endothelial cells (used to be CD 31 CD34)

146
Q

New hot “nuclear” stain for endothelial cells

A

FLI-1 (gold standard used to be CD31, CD34)

147
Q

Stains for keratinocytes

A

Cytokeratin and p63

148
Q

Cytokeratin and p63

A

Stain for keratinocytes

149
Q

Cytokeratin

A

Stain for keratinocytes

150
Q

CD68

A

Histiocytes, macrophages

151
Q

CD163

A

More specific stain for histiocytes and macrophages than the typical CD68

152
Q

Stain for histiocytes and macrophages

A

CD68, CD163 (This is the more specific one)

153
Q

Stains for langerhans cells

A

CD1a, S100, langerin(CD207)

154
Q

Another name for Langerin

155
Q

CD207

A

Langerin - stain for langerhans cells

156
Q

What stain is extremely specific for staining Birbeck granules in langerhans cell

A

CD207(langerin)

157
Q

HAM56+

158
Q

STAIN: D2-40

A

D2-40 (podoplanin) stains for lymphatic

159
Q

Stains for lymphatics

A

D2-40 (podoplanin)

LYVE-1 (this is the stain that is negative in blood vessel endothelium)

160
Q

STAIN: podoplanin

A

Podoplanin (D2-40) lymphatics

161
Q

What is a good stain to distinguish blood vessel endothelium from lymphatics?

A

LYVE-1 (negative in blood vessel endothelium and positive in lymphatics)

162
Q

Mast cell markers

A

Tryptase

C-kit (CD117)

163
Q

CD117

A

Also known as C-KIT (stain in mast cells)

164
Q

Antoni A

A

Shwannoma - cellular area - has Verocay bodies

165
Q

Which type of Antoni body in schwannoma has Verocay bodies?

A

Antoni A (hypercellular areas). , Antoni B bodies are they hypocellular myxoid areas

166
Q

Antoni B bodies

A

Schwannoma (neurolemmoma), hypocellular loose myxoid stroma

167
Q

Asteroid bodies

A

Sarcoid (star-shaped eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions) and other granulomatous disorders

168
Q

Banana bodies

A

Endogenous - alkaptonuria (these are homogentistic acid building up on collagen and cartilage)

Exogenous - hydroquinone

169
Q

Bean bag cells

A

Found in: Cytophagic histiocytic panniculitis (bean bag cells are histiocytes that have engulfed WBC, RBC, nuclear debris)

Also found in other deep panniculitis like: lupus profundus, subcutaneous panniculitis-like T cell lymphoma

170
Q

Birbeck granules

A

Langerhans cells

171
Q

Caterpillar bodies

A

PCT. (eosinophilic material composed of BMZ - so stain positive for PAS and Type IV collagen)

  • found in the ROOF of blisters
  • note - same thing as Kamino bodies in spitz nevi! BMZ collections
172
Q

Bodies found in PCT

A

Caterpillar bodies

173
Q

Eosinophilic bodies found in Spitz nevi

A

Kamino bodies

174
Q

Cholesterol clefts found in:

A

Fat: Sclerema neonatorum, subQ fat necrosis of the newborn, poststeroid panniculitis

Arteries: cholesterol emboli

Dermis: NXG, plan xanthoma, eruptive xanthoma

175
Q

Cigar bodies

A

Sporotrichosis (cigar bodies are oval yeast which stain PAS and GMS positive)

176
Q

Civatte bodies

A

Civatte bodies/Cytoid/Colloid bodies (all same thing) = “dead reds” - apoptotic keratinocytes found in all interface dermatitis but also LICHEN PLANUS

177
Q

Clover leaf (flower)cells

A

HTLV-1 induced T-cell lymphoma (pathopneumonic)

*this is how you can tell this lymphoma from plain ol MF

178
Q

Cigar bodies

A

Sporotrichosis

179
Q

Oval yeast bodies found in Sporotrichosis

A

Cigar bodies

180
Q

Comma-shaped bodies

A

Benign cephalic histiocytosis

*the old school way of seeing BCH using electron microscopy

181
Q

Corp rounds/grains

A

Darier

Warty dyskeratoma

182
Q

1 site of body to find an acantholytic dyskeratotoic acanthoma

183
Q

Corps ronds/grains: which is found in the spinous layer and which in the granular layer/stratum corneum?

A

Ronds - spinous layer

Grains- corneum/granulosum (bc they get squished as they migrate up there)

184
Q

Cowdry A body

A

HSV, VZV

*cowdry type B is polio!

185
Q

Cowdry B body

A

Poliovirus

186
Q

Type of body: Poliovirus

A

Cowdry B body

*cowdry A is HSV, VZV

187
Q

Donovan bodies

A

Granuloma inguinale (these are the actual “safety pin” shaped bacteria inside macrophages)

*can also see Russel bodies

188
Q

Dutcher body

A

Pseudo-intranuclear pink mass of immunoglobulins within plasma cells - found in malignant B cell processes - B cell lymphoma, multiple myeloma

*Dutcher bodies = Dead *malignant processes vs
Russell bodies = happy pregnant benign conditions like G inguinale, Rhinoscleroma

189
Q

What two types of bodies seen on path represent pseudo-intranuclear pink mass of immunoglobulins within plasma cells

*hint one is found in malignant processes and one found in infectious processes

A

Dutcher bodies (malignant B cell lymphomas, multiple myeloma)

Russell bodies (Granuloma inguinale, Rhinoscleroma)

190
Q

Flame figures

A

Wells syndrome (flame figures are MAJOR BASIC PROTEIN from eosinophils deposited on collagen)

*eos throwing up their MPB on the collagen

191
Q

Bodies found in Wells syndrome

A

Flame figures

192
Q

What are flame figures composed up

A

Major basic protein (eosinophils throwing up on collagen) found in Wells syndrome

193
Q

Floret cells

A

Pleomorphic lipoma

*pleomorphic lipoma is like spindle-cell lipoma, found on the upper back, but the only difference is it has these floret cells)

194
Q

Gamma-Favre body

A

Lymphogranuloma venereum

*gamma favre bodies are found in ENDOTHELIAL CELLS

195
Q

Where are the gamma-favre bodies in LGV found?

A

Found in endothelial cells!

196
Q

Lymphogranuloma venereum has what kind of bodies?

A

Gamma-favre bodies

*donovon bodies are found in Granuloma inguinale

197
Q

Gaucher cells

A

Gaucher disease. *glucocerebroside-laden histiocytes “crinkled tissue paper histiocytes

198
Q

Gaucher cells are made up of what substance?

A

Glucocerebrosidase-laden histiocytes - found in Gaucher disease

199
Q

Ghost cells

A

Pilomatricoma

200
Q

Globi

A

Lepromatous Leprosy

  • amorphic, encapsulated collections of mycobacteria
  • other leprosy associations are Virchow cells which are the parasitized histiocytes
201
Q

What are the parasitized histiocytes in lepromatous leprosy called?

A

Virchow cells

202
Q

Virchow cells

A

Parasitized histiocytes of leprosy

203
Q

Virchow cells

204
Q

Conditions with parasitized histiocytes

A

PH GIRL:

Penicillium mafneffi 
Histo
Granuloma inguinale 
Rhinoscleroma
Leischmaniasis
205
Q

Guarneri bodies

A

Smallpox (Guy Farerri making too many steaks-aka smallpox from cow vaccine….or something like that)

206
Q

Hallmark *horseshoe shaped cells

A

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL)

207
Q

Henderson Patterson bodies

A

Molluscum contagiosum

208
Q

Kamino bodies

A

Spitz nevi (stain positive for PAS and Type IV collagen)

209
Q

Kamino bodies stain positive for what TWO stains?

A

PAS and Type IV collagen (bc they are basement membrane material!)

210
Q

Koilocytes

211
Q

Langhans giant cells

A

Tuberculosis (*This is NOT langerhans giant cells!!!!)

*these are histiocytic giant cells with a peripheral “horseshoe arrangement of nuclei”

212
Q

Mariners wheel

A

Paracoccidiomycosis (South American Blastomycosis)

213
Q

Size of the mariners wheel in paracoccidiomycosis

A

60micrometers

214
Q

Max Joseph Spaces

A

Focal clefts at the DEJ - lichen planus - exaggerated ones seen in bullous LP

215
Q

What type of bodies are seen in bullous LP?

A

Exaggerated Max Joseph spaces (these are just focal clefts at DEJ formed by extreme damage to basal layer from interface dermatitis)

216
Q

Medlar bodies

A

“Copper pennies” in chromomycosis. Can see on h&e

These are the thick walled clusters of brown round yeast

*when these are brown HYPHAE you think of phaeohyphomycosis

217
Q

Michaelis-Gutmann bodies

A

Malakoplakia

218
Q

Miescheir’s radial granuloma

A

Erythema nodosum *these are small granulomas comprised of radially arrayed histiocytes around a central cleft - located in fat septae

219
Q

Mikulicz cells

A

Rhinoscleroma

*these are foamy histiocytes containing gram negative rods (klebsiella rhinoscleroma)

220
Q

Foamy histiocytes containing gram negative rods of klebsiella

A

Rhinoscleroma. These are Mikulicz cells!

221
Q

Mulberry cells

A

Hibernoma

*large pink/red colored fat cells with a central nucleus (vs peripheral nucleus in normal fat cells)

222
Q

Tumor of brown fat

A

Hibernoma - most commonly seen on adults on neck and upper back

223
Q

Most common location for a hibernoma

A

Neck and upper back

224
Q

Morula

A

Protothecosis

225
Q

Negri body

226
Q

Odland bodies (lamellar bodies)

A

Harlequin icthyosis, Flegels disease

227
Q

Name a few stains for melanocytes

A 
S100
MART-1
HMB-45
SOX10
MITF-1
P16
228
Q

Stain p16

A

Spitz nevi (positive in spitz, lost or diminished in spitzoid melanoma

229
Q

What stain is positive in Spitz but lost in Spitzoid melanoma?

230
Q

What stain is positive in melanocytes but only positive in 30% of desmoplastic melanomas?

A

MITF (p75/NGFR is the one that is positive in desmoplastic melanoma)

231
Q

What stain would you use to distinguish desmoplastic melanoma from a scar?

232
Q

What stain is helpful for desmoplastic melanoma especially when S100 is negative?

233
Q

Desmoplastic melanomas stain positive for what?

A

Sox10
p75/NGFR
MITF

234
Q

What do Merkel cells stain positive for?

A

CK20 in a perinuclear dot pattern, neurofilament, NSE

235
Q

What stain would you choose for a CK20 negative Merkel cell?

A

Neurofilament (Merkel stains for CK20, NSE, and neurofilament!)

236
Q

What stains myofibroblasts?

A

SMA (smooth muscle antigen), but NOT desmin!!!!! Vs true smooth muscle cells

237
Q

What stain could you use to tell the difference between myofibroblasts and smooth muscle cells?

A

Desmin! *positive in true smooth muscle cells but not in myofibroblasts

They will both be positive for SMA (smooth muscle antigen)

238
Q

Natural killer cells stain

A

CD56 (56 yo white male serial killer), granzyme, TIA-1

*the latter two cells are also positive in cytotoxic T cells

239
Q

Stains for axon

A

Neurofilament, NSE

*NOT s100, as that is for the Schwann cells

240
Q

Stain for Schwann cells

241
Q

What does S100 stain - axons or Schwann cells?

A

Schwann cells!!!

242
Q

MPO stains what type of cells?

A

Neutrophils!

243
Q

CD stain in plasma cells

A

CD138 (and also CD79a, which also stains B lymphocytes)

244
Q

CD stain for plasmacytoid dendritic cells

245
Q

CD123 stains what type of cell?

A

Plasmaacytoid dendritic cells

246
Q

CD138

A

Plasma cells

247
Q

CD207

248
Q

CD123

A

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells

249
Q

CD138

A

Plasma cells

250
Q

What two common disorders are plasmacytoid dendritic cells increased in?

A

Lupus (bot NOT DM)

GA

251
Q

Sebaceous glands stain for what

A

EMA, adipophilin, androgen receptor

252
Q

Adipophlin stains what type of cell

253
Q

CD56, granzyme, and TIA are all markers for what kind of cell?>

A

Natural killer cell

254
Q

What two types of stains are found in both natural killer cells and cytotoxic T cells?

A

Granzyme

TIA-1

255
Q

CD56

A

Natural killer celles

256
Q

What stain can be found in both sebaceous glands and the capsule of schwannomas?

257
Q

Adipophilin

A

Stains sebaceous glands

258
Q

Stains smooth muscle

A

SMA, desmin. (Remember desmin is negative in myofibroblasts)

259
Q

Stains for sweat glands

260
Q

Stains for T lymphocytes

A

CD3
CD45Ra - naive T cells
CD45Ro - memory T cells

261
Q

Stain for naive T cell

A

CD45Ra

*CD45Ro is for memory T cells

262
Q

Stain for memory T cell

A

CD45Ro

*remember CD45Ra is naive T cell

263
Q

In GCT, what are the pustulo-ovoid bodies of Milan?

A

They are aggregated lysosomes!!

264
Q

Pneumonic for painful skin lesions

A

BANGLE

Blue rubber bleb nevus
Angiolipoma
Neuroma
Glomus tumors
Leiomyoma
Eccrine spiradenoma

DERMATOLOGY (16 decks)

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