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DERMATOLOGY > Contact Allergens > Flashcards

Contact Allergens Flashcards

1
Q

Number one cause of eyelid dermatitis

A

Tosylamide (Nail product)

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2
Q

Fabric finisher causing clothing dermatitis

A

Formaldehyde

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3
Q

Clothing dye causing clothing dermatitis

A

Disperse dyes 106 and 124

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4
Q

Cause of perianal contact dermatitis

A

Lidocaine preservatives (MCI/MI)

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5
Q

MCI/MI

A

A preservative in lidocaine which is a common cause of perianal dermatitis

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6
Q

Shoe ADHESIVE that causes shoe dermatitis

A

Colophony

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7
Q

Rubber accelerator that causes shoe dermatitis

A

Mercaptobenzothiazole (most common!) this is a rubber accelerator

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8
Q

Leather that causes shoe dermatitis

A

Chromates

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9
Q

Most common substance in occupational ACD

A

Rubber

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10
Q

Are most tape reactions ACD or ICD?

A

ICD

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11
Q

What chemical sensitivity found in someone with a systemic ACD to amino Phyllis etc (theophylline)

A

Ethylenediamine

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12
Q

Most common cause of allergic shoe dermatitis

A

Mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT)

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13
Q

Most common sunscreen agent to cause photoallergic contact dermatitis

A

Oxybenzone (sunscreen UVA)

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14
Q

Number one flower that causes ACD in florists

A

Tulips

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15
Q

What do you neutralize a hydroflouric acid burn with?

A

Calcium Gluconate (this acid can cause damage to your bones! It is that toxic and fast acting)

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16
Q

What do you neutralize a phenol peel with?

A

65% ethyl OR isopropyl alcohol

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17
Q

What systemic symptoms do you get with systemic absorption of a phenol peel?

A

Glomerulonephritis and cardiac arrhythmias (why you have to stay in the hospital overnight) crazy

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18
Q

Most common irritant contact derm in florists

A

Daffodil (Narcissus spp). *sidenote tulips are the most common ACD, not ICD

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19
Q

Which plants and fruits cause an irritant dermatitis with CALCIUM OXALATE

A

Daffodils (narcissus)
Pineapple (ananas comosus)
Dumb cane (dieffenbachia, house plant)

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20
Q

Which plant/fruit/veggie cause a chemical ICD with the irritant CAPSAICIN?

A

Family Solanacea (hot peppers)

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21
Q

What type of plant is in the family Alliacea?

A

Garlic

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22
Q

Phytophotodermatitis is caused by which spectrum of light?

A

UVA +foucourcomarins

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23
Q

What two families of plants are culprits in Phytophotodermatitis?

A

Apiacea/Umbelliferae

*an Ape holding an Umbrella to shield it from the sun

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24
Q

Apiacea/Umelliferae

A

Two families which are culprits in phytophotodermatitis

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25
Q 
Name examples of plants in each family:
Alliacea
Anacardiacea
Apiaceae
Asteraceae/Compositae 
Alstroemeriacea
A

Alliacea - Garlic, onion, chives
Apiaceae - parsley parsnips, celary, hogweed
Anacardiacea - poison ivy, poison sumac, poison oak
Asteraceae/compositae - chrysanthemum, ragweed, sunflower
Alstroemeriacea - tulips, Lilly’s

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26
Q

Alliaceae

A

Garlic, onions, chives

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27
Q

Ananas comosus

A

Pineapple (Irritant is Bromelin

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28
Q

Narcissus

A

Daffodils (calcium oxalate irritant)

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29
Q

Phorbol esters (plant irritant) examples

A

Poinsettas, crotons, spurges

*in milky latex - can cause temporary blindness if latex contacts eye

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30
Q

What irritant can cause temporary blindness?

A

Phorbol esters (poinsettas, spurges, crotons)

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31
Q

Euphorbiaceae family

A

Crotons

*contains phorbol esters, in latex cause temporary blindness if in contact with eye)

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32
Q

Crotons

A

Part of the Euphorbiaceae family

*Phorbol ester irritant, may cause temporary blindness in latex

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33
Q

Family Araceae

A

Dumb Cane (calcium oxalate irritant)

*dumb as an Ox, archaic like a cave man? Idk

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34
Q

Calcium oxalate irritant

A

Dumb Cane (Araceae)

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35
Q

Bromelin irritant

A

Pineapple (Ananas comosus)

*ananias brothers bro out, pineapple juicing

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36
Q

Phorbol esters

A

Plant irritant contact derm found in milky latex with Poinsettas, spurges, crotons(Euphorbiaaceae)

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37
Q

Crotons

A

Phorbol ester found in milky latex - a plant irritant

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38
Q

Euphorbiaceae

A

Crotons

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39
Q

Thiocyanates

A

Group of plant irritants that includes
Garlic (Alliaceae)
Black mustard and radish (Brassicaceae)

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40
Q

Garlic - plant irritant

A

Thiocyanate

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41
Q

Alliaceae

A

Garlic

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42
Q

Protoanemonin

A

Buttercups

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43
Q

Plant allergen that causes an intense linear vesiculation, but no post inflammatory hyperpigmentation

A

Protoanemonin (Buttercups)

*chemical Ranunculin converts to protoanemonin

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44
Q

Capsaicin - what family

A

Solanacea

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45
Q

What family of plants causes strummer dermatitis

A

Apiacea/Umbelliferae (Hogweed)

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46
Q

Hogweed (Heracleum) causes what kind of reaction?

A

Strummer dermatitis (after weedwacking)

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47
Q

Strimmer dermatitis cause

A

Hogweed (Heracleum) from the family Apiaceae

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48
Q

Chemical found in blue/green dyes
Glass/pottery
Cement

A

Cobalt

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49
Q

Blue/green dyes

A

Cobalt

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50
Q

Glass, pottery

A

Cobalt

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51
Q

Blue/Green dyes

A

Cobalt

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52
Q

Poral reaction

A

Irritant reaction with purpuric pores- found with cobalt allergy

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53
Q

What irritant causes the Poral reaction

A

Cobalt (purpuric pores)

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54
Q

Chemical found in wrinkle free clothing

A

Formaldehyde

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55
Q

Which fabric type has the least amount of formaldehyde in it?

A

Polyester *

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56
Q

Which fabric types have the most formaldehyde?

A

100% cotton or cotton/synthetic blends

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57
Q

2 cause of overall cosmetic-related ACD

A

Formaldehyde-releasing products (fragrances are #1)

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58
Q

1 preservative sensitizer in USA

A

Quaternium-15 (a formaldehyde releaser)

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59
Q

What type of chemical is Quaternium-15?

A

Formaldehyde releaser, found in cosmetics

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60
Q

Imidazolidinyl urea is what type of chemical?

A

Formaldehyde releasing preservative

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61
Q

PABA sunscreens block what type of light?

A

UVB

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62
Q

Oxybenzone blocks what type of light?

63
Q

Methychloroisothiazolinone is found in what common product and causes what specific type of dermatitis?

A

MCI/MI found in wet wipes and can cause a perianal dermatitis

64
Q

Kanthon CG is another name for what chemical?

A

Methychloroisothiazolinone (MCI/MI) this is the chemical in wet wipes that causes perianal dermatitis

65
Q

Acrylates cause what kind of dermatitis

A

Nail dermatitis (found in nail products) *though remember tosylamide is the most common cause of eyelid dermatitis caused by a nail product

66
Q

Material found in acrylic nail ADHESIVE

A

Ethyl Acrylate (Methyacrlate is found in the fake nails themselve)

67
Q

Material found in Krazy Glue/Super Glue and Dermabond

A

Cyanoacrylate

68
Q

Cyanoacrelate

A

Dermabond

SuperGlue

69
Q

Glue for artificial joints, adhesive for dental fillings/sealants

A

Methacrylate

70
Q

What chemical is known to diffuse through surgical glove and cause parasthesias

A

Methacrylate

71
Q

Dentist or ortho surgeon who develops parasthesias

A

Methacrylate (adhesive found in artificial joints, dental fillings, also fake nails) and can cause parasthesias

72
Q

ACD that can cause parasthesias through gloves

A

Methacrylate

73
Q

Couch dermatitis

A

Dimethyl Fumarate

74
Q

Most common co-reaction with which two topical antibiotics?

A

Neomycin and Bacitracin

75
Q

What type of systemic abx should you not give while applying Neomysin?

A

Amminoglycoside

76
Q

Neomysin cross reacts with which other drug

A

Amminoglycosides

77
Q

Dialkyl Thiourea

78
Q

Wetsuit dermatitis

A

Neoprene allergy (dialkyl thiourea)

79
Q

Another name for Neoprene

A

Dialkyl Thiourea (wetsuit dermatitis, goggle dermatitis)

80
Q

Most common positive patch test allergen

81
Q

T/F number of piercings correlate with nickel allergy

82
Q

What chemical turns pink in the presence of nickel and ammonia (the 10% ammonia test)

A

Demethyglyoxime

83
Q

1 cause of all cosmetic-related allergic contact derm

84
Q

Patch test to what chemical and the fragrance mix detects >90% of all fragrance allergies

A

Balsam of Peru

85
Q

Balsam of Peru is derived from what type of tree

A

Myroxylon pereirea tree

86
Q

Fragrance allergies think of what chemical to test with

A

Balsam of Peru

87
Q

Balsam of Peru

A

Mix with fragrance test to detect >90% of all ACD

88
Q

P-phenalenediamine (PPD)

A

Common allergen in hair dye (Also temporary tattoos, black rubber

89
Q

You should test hairdressers to what chemical?

A

PPD (p-phelalenediamine)

90
Q

SURFACTANT found in shampoos

A

Cocoamidopropyl betaine

91
Q

Cocoamidoprophyl betaine

A

Allergenic surfactant found in shampoos

92
Q

Thimerosal found in vaccines and also what type of product

A

Eye-drop solutions

93
Q

Eye-drop solutions contain what common allergen

A

Thimerosal

94
Q

What chemical does Thimerosal cross-react with?

A

Piroxicam & mercury

95
Q

Risk factor for Latex allergy

A

Spina Bifida
&
Healthcare workers

96
Q

Latex cross reacts with what 5 substances?

A 
"BACK PASSION"
Banana 
Avacado
Chestnut
Kiwi
Passion Fruit
97
Q

Latex allergy usually causes what type of hypersensitivity reaction?

A

Type I (immunologic contact urticaria)»Type IV

98
Q

Most common glove allergy (most common allergy in health care workers)

A

Thiuram (tetramethylthiuram disulfide)
*you would think it would be latex but it is not!

-cross reacts with disulfiram

99
Q

Thiuram

A

Most common glove allergy

Most common allergy in healthcare workers

100
Q

Most common allergy in health care workers

A

Thiuram (glove allergy). *NOT LATEX

101
Q

Name a few products p-phenalenediamine (PPD) is found in

A 
HAIR DYE (most common)
Black rubber
Black henna
Photograph development ink
Black printer ink
102
Q

Epoxy resin

A

PVC and plastic materials

103
Q

Couch dermatitis

A

Dimethyl Fumarate

104
Q

Name two formaldehyde releasing preservatives

A

Quaternium-15

Imidazolidinyl urea

105
Q

Preservatives found in topical medications, antiperspirants

106
Q

Propylene glycol

A

Vehicle base in many cream and lotions: ECG and lubricant jelly, antifreeze, brake fluid

107
Q

Name the allergen found in lubricant jelly, brake fluid, antifreeze, and many creams and lotions

A

Propylene glycol

108
Q

Cross reacts wtih aminophylline (theophylline)

A

Ethylenediamine

109
Q

Allergen found in topical steroid and antifungal creams like Mycolog

A

Ethylenediamine

110
Q

Vehicle for emollients, cross reacts with Aquaphor and Eucerin

111
Q

Common allergy among leg ulcer patients

112
Q

This allergen is in wax-wool alcohol (derived from sheep)

113
Q

Lanolin

A

Common vehicle used in emollients
Common in leg ulcer patients
Cross reacts with Aquaphor and Eucerin

114
Q

Lanolin vs Paraben

A

Lanolin is a vehicle used for common emollients like Aquaphor
Paraben is a preservative in topical meds, deodorant

115
Q

What chemical is an allergen found in perms that stays in the hair for months bc it remains in the hair shaft for that long

A

Glyceryl monothioglycolate

116
Q

What product in hair bleach causes a contact urticaria?

A

Ammonium persulfate

117
Q

Which type of transdermal patch has the highest rate of sensitization?

118
Q

Which are more common allergens, anesthetic ESTERS or AMIDES?

A

Esters - bc 1 “i” (per Hocker book?)
Esters - benzocaine
Amides- lidocaine, mepivicaine, prilocaine (All have 2 “i”s)

119
Q

Which disperse dyes are the best screening agents for clothing dye allergy?

A

Disperse dye 106, 124

120
Q

If you are prescribing someone topical nitrogen mustard, should you prescribe the aqueous form or the ointment form?

A

Ointment form. Because the aqueous form causes an ACD in >68% of people!

121
Q

Most common veggie/fruit to cause CONTACT URTICARIA

A

Potatoe (associated with an asthmatic response

*vs celery, not as common in general, but most common to cause anaphlyaxis

122
Q

Most common veggie to cause anaphlyaxis as a result of a contact allergy

123
Q

What woodworking product (also used as random creams for medications) can give a contact urticaria?

124
Q

What type of patch testing do you want to do if you are testing for a contact urticaria

A

Open patch test

*vs a standard closed patch test which is ineffective

125
Q

What is the sensitizer in poison ivy

A

Urushiol (pentadecylcatechol in oleoresin)

126
Q

Cross reactants with poison ivy

A 
MJ BIGCASH
Mango
Japanese laquer tree
Brazilian pepper tree
Indian marking nut
Ginkgo 
Cashew nut
127
Q

Sensitizer for Asteraceae (sunflower, dandelion, chrysanthemum)

A

Sesquiterpene lactone

128
Q

Allergy to dandelions, sunflowers, and chrysanthemum (Asteraceae/Compositae) cross reacts with what chemical

A

Permethrin

129
Q

If you see a rash on the non-dominant hand with hyperkeratosis/fissuring of the thumb index and middle fingertips, think allergy to what

A

Garlic, onions - family Aliaceae

130
Q

Most common allergic reaction seen in what color tattoo

131
Q

Chemical causing pigment reaction to black tattoo ink

A

Carbon, iron oxide

132
Q

Chemical causing pigment reaction to tattoo ink: blue

133
Q

Chemical causing pigment reaction to tattoo ink: Brown

A

Ferric Oxide

134
Q

Chemical causing pigment reaction to tattoo ink: Green

A

Chromic Oxide (green ghrom!)

135
Q

Chemical causing pigment reaction to tattoo ink: Purple

A

Manganese (Purple mango)

136
Q

Chemical causing pigment reaction to tattoo ink: Red

A

Cinnabar (mercury sulfide); cadmium red

137
Q

Chemical causing pigment reaction to tattoo ink: White

A

Titanium Dioxide

138
Q

Chemical causing pigment reaction to tattoo ink: Yellow

A

Cadmium sulfide (Cadberry Bunny)

139
Q

Dimethylglyoxine

A

This chemical turns pink in the presence of Nickel - used as a test

140
Q

Most common cause of persistently positive patch test reactions

141
Q

Latex is more common to cause which kind of hypersensitivity reaction - I or IV?

A

Usually causes a Type I (not IV like typical contact derm)

142
Q

Latex reacts with which substances?

A 
BACK PASSION
Bananas
Avocados
Chestnut
Kiwi 
Passion fruit
143
Q

BACK PASSION pneumonic

A 
Bananas
Avocados 
Chestnut
Kiwi
Passion fruit
144
Q

What chemical irritant found in the felt on pool tables?

145
Q

Risk factors for latex allergies

A

Health care professional

SPINDA BIFIDA

146
Q

What chemical does Thiuram cross react with?

A

Disulfiram

147
Q

Which chemical allergen is found in musical instruments like the VIOLIN

A

Rosin (colophony and abiotic acid)

148
Q

Colophon

A

Type of Rosin, and allergen found in VIOLINs and other musical instruments

149
Q

PTBP (p-tert-butylphenol formaldehyde resin)

A

Used for gluing together leather products (watchbands, leather handbags, shoes)
*can cause depigmentation!

150
Q

Which chemical irritant cross reacts with piroxicam and mercury

A

Thimerosal (ethyl mercury) - found in eyedrops and vaccines

151
Q

What chemicals does Thimerosal cross-react with?

A

Piroxicam and mercury

152
Q

What allergen is found in Mycolog?

A

Ethyleneiamine

153
Q

Which chemical allergen is made by bees from resinous exudates of plants?

A

Propolis - most notable for ACD of the lips

154
Q

A notable chemical irritant for ACD of the lips

A

Propolis - made by BEES from resinous exudates of plants

DERMATOLOGY (16 decks)

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