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MBBS VI - SpC - Family Medicine > Dermatology - Skin rash/ itchiness, Dermatitis, Dermatophytosis, Eczema, Psoriasis,Apthous ulcer > Flashcards

Dermatology - Skin rash/ itchiness, Dermatitis, Dermatophytosis, Eczema, Psoriasis,Apthous ulcer Flashcards

Psoriasis Atopic dermatitis Contact dermatitis Urticaria Impetigo Erysipelas Acne vulgaris Herpes simplex VIral warts Chickenpox Herpes zoster Dermatophytosis Scabies Apthous ulcer

1
Q

Psoriasis

Risk factors

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2
Q

Psoriasis

Pathogenesis

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3
Q

Psoriasis

Classifications

A
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4
Q

Psoriasis Vulgaris

Distribution

A
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5
Q

Pustular psoriasis

Distribution

A
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6
Q

Psoriatic erytheroderma

Distribution

A
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7
Q

Nail psoriasis

Features

A
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8
Q

Psoriasis

Management plan

A

1st line: Topical therapy
- Emollient e.g. Diprosalic® in morning
- Vitamin D analogue
- Topical Steroid
- Coal Tar Shampoo
- Anthralin
- Retinoids
- Cyclosporine

2nd line: Phototherapy
- PUVA/ NBUVB

3rd line: Systemic therapy for failure/ refractory case, Generalized pustular/ erythrodermic psoriasis, Psoriatic arthropathy
- MTX
- Biologics: Infliximab

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9
Q

Atopic dermatitis

Risk factors

A
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10
Q

Atopic dermatitis

Pathogenesis

A
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11
Q

Atopic dermatitis

Clinical presentation

A
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12
Q

Eczematous rash

Progression

A
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13
Q

Eczematous rash

Change in distribution over age

A
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14
Q

Atopic dermatitis

Associated diseases

A
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15
Q

Atopic dermatitis

Diagnosis

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16
Q

Atopic dermatitis

Management plan

A
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17
Q

Atopic dermatitis

Emollient MoA, Forms

A
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18
Q

Atopic dermatitis

Topical steroids
MoA
Preparations
ADR

A
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19
Q

Atopic dermatitis

Wet Wrap MoA
Advice

A
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20
Q

Atopic dermatitis

Phototherapy MoA

A
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21
Q

Atopic dermatitis

Immunosuppressant types

A
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22
Q

Contact dermatitis

Types, risk factors

A
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23
Q

Contact dermatitis

Clinical presentation

A
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24
Q

Contact dermatitis

Diagnosis

A
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25
Q

Contact dermatits

Management

A

Identify and Avoid the Trigger
The first step in treating contact dermatitis is to identify and avoid the substance that is causing the skin reaction.

Common triggers include:
* Soaps, detergents, or chemicals
* Latex
* Metals like nickel
* Certain plants like poison ivy
* Cosmetics or fragrances
* Avoiding further exposure to the trigger is crucial for clearing up the skin rash.

Manage Symptoms
To help relieve the symptoms of contact dermatitis, the treatment plan may include:
* Topical Corticosteroids: Applying a low-to-medium potency topical steroid cream or ointment can help reduce inflammation, itching, and swelling. Use as directed by your doctor.
* Oral Antihistamines: Taking an oral antihistamine like cetirizine or loratadine can help relieve itching.
* Cool Compresses: Applying cool, wet compresses to the affected area can soothe the skin and relieve discomfort.
* Oatmeal Baths: Soaking in an oatmeal bath can help relieve itching and dryness.
* Moisturizers: Using fragrance-free, hypoallergenic moisturizers can help hydrate the skin and prevent further irritation.

Manage Secondary Infections
If the skin becomes infected, your doctor may prescribe an antibiotic cream or oral antibiotic medication.

See a Dermatologist if Symptoms Persist

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26
Q

Urticaria

Causes

A
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27
Q

Urticaria

Clinical presentation

A
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28
Q

Urticaria

Diagnosis

A
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29
Q

Urticaria

Management

30
Q

Impetigo

Microbiology
Clinical presentation
Complication
Diagnosis
Management

31
Q

Erysipelas

Cause
Clinical presentation

32
Q

Acne vulgaris

Pathogenesis

33
Q

Acne vulgaris

Clinical presentation

34
Q

Acne vulgaris

Topical management

35
Q

Acne vulgaris

Systemic management

36
Q

Acne vulgaris

Photodynamic therapy types

37
Q

Herpes simplex

Clinical presentation
Complications

A

Clinical Presentation:
* Prodromal symptoms: tingling, itching, or burning at the site
* Vesicles: small, fluid-filled blisters/lesions in clusters
* Localized erythema and edema
* Pain and discomfort

Complications:
* Recurrent infections
* Disseminated infections in immunocompromised individuals
* Secondary bacterial infections: Cellulitis, secondary infections
* Ocular complications: keratitis, conjunctivitis

38
Q

Herpes simplex

Management

A

Management:
Antiviral medications:
Oral antivirals: acyclovir, valacyclovir, famciclovir
- Acyclovir:
Dosage: 200-400 mg 5 times per day
Duration: 5-10 days for initial outbreak, 5 days for recurrent episodes

Topical antivirals: acyclovir cream/ointment

Pain management:
Over-the-counter pain relievers
Topical anesthetics

Hygiene and self-care:
Keep affected area clean
Avoid touching or picking at lesions

Preventive measures:
Prophylactic/suppressive antiviral therapy for recurrent infections

Immunocompromised individuals:
More aggressive and prolonged antiviral therapy

39
Q

Viral warts

Microbiology
Clinical presentation

40
Q

Viral warts

Clinical presentation
Complication

A

Virology
- Human Papilloma virus (HPV)
- Venereal wart/ Anogenital wart: STD, a/w CA Cervix
- Skin wart: Transmitted by contact
- Plantar Warts a/w HPV 1, 4; Common Warts a/w HPV 2, 4, 7; Flat/ Plain Warts a/w HPV 3, 10

Clinical presentation:
* Rough, elevated lesions with a cauliflower-like appearance
* Common sites: hands, fingers, feet (plantar warts)
* Types: common warts, flat warts, genital warts

Complications:
* Spread to other body areas
* Cosmetic concerns
* Pain and discomfort (especially plantar warts)
* Secondary bacterial infections

41
Q

Viral warts

Management

A

Topical therapy applied to visible lesions
Provider administer:
- Trichloroacetic acid 30%
- Podophyllin resin 10-20%

Self-administered:
- Podophyllotoxin (0.5% solution or 0.15% cream)
- Imiquimod 5% cream
- Salicylic acid preparation (not for face, neck, genital)
- Topical retinoids/ tretinoin

Destructive Treatments:
* Cryotherapy (performed by healthcare provider)
* Electrosurgery
* Laser therapy
* Surgical excision

Prevention:
* Avoid direct contact with warts
* Maintain good hygiene
* Consider HPV vaccination for genital warts

42
Q

Varicella/ Chickenpox

Virology

43
Q

Varicella

Pathogenesis
Risk factors for activation

44
Q

Varicella

Clinical presentation

45
Q

Varicella

Complications

46
Q

Varicella

Diagnosis

47
Q

Varicella

Management and prevention

48
Q

Shingles

Clinical presentation

49
Q

Shingles complications

50
Q

Shingles

Management

51
Q

Shingles

Complication management

52
Q

Dermatophytosis

Microbiology

53
Q

Dermatophytosis

Routes of transmission
Risk factors

54
Q

Dermatophytosis

Classification by distribution

55
Q

Dermatophytosis

Clinical presentation of tinea porporis, incognito

56
Q

Tinea faciei, pedis features

57
Q

Tinea manuum, cruis, unguium features

58
Q

Tinea capitis

Features

59
Q

Dermatophytosis
Management plan

60
Q

Dermatophytosis

Common antifungals
Common ADR

61
Q

Scabies

Microbiology
Sites

62
Q

Scabies

Classification
Presentation

63
Q

Scabies

Diagnosis

64
Q

Scabies

Ddx

65
Q

Scabies

General management

66
Q

Scabicide

Choices
Routes
Frequency

67
Q

Scabies

Treatment for pruritis
Crusted scabies treatment

68
Q

Approache to pruritis
- Ddx
- Assessment
- Diagnosis

69
Q

General history for dermatology

70
Q

Apthous ulcer

Etiologies

71
Q

Apthous ulcer

Clinical presentation

72
Q

Apthous ulcer

Management

MBBS VI - SpC - Family Medicine (42 decks)

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