Dermatology - PE Flashcards
What conditions are specific to dogs younger than 6 months of age?
Juvenile demodicosis
Dermatophytosis
Impetigo (staph.)
Juvenile cellulitis
Oral papillomatosis
Canine demodicosis is a common cutaneous disease caused by two species – Demodex canis and Demodex injai. Demodicosis may be localised, generalised (juvenile onset or adult onset) or demodectic pododermatitis. Numerous lesions appear on the head, legs and trunk and eventually occur everywhere. Patches of alopecia become more genearlised.
Juvenile Cellulitis (immne-mediated condition). The first sign of juvenile cellulitis is usually an acute (sudden) swelling of the face and muzzle. This generalized swelling is followed by the development of raised bumps and pustules over the face, muzzle, and ears. Over time, these pustules may rupture and crust over, resulting in heavy scabbing across the affected areas.
What conditions are specific to dogs 1-5 years of age?
Allergic dermatitis
Alopecia X
Color dilution alopecia
Primary idiopathic seborrhea
Autoimmune dermatoses
Seborrhea in dogs is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin characterized by the accumulation of flakes, scales, and yellowish or grayish crusty plaques. Greasiness, itchiness, and secondary infections may be a factor as well. Dogs are most commonly affected.
What conditions are specific to dogs older than 6 years of age?
Hyperadrenocorticism
Feminization Syndrome (testicular tumor)
Neoplasm
Decubital ulcer
What conditions are specific to intact males?
Male Feminization Syndrome (testicular tumors/sertoli cell) & Perianal adenomas (of the sebaceous glands in the perianal region)
1st level versus 2nd level history
1st = general
2nd = presenting complaint of pt
Bilateral versus asymmetrical lesions indiacte what kind of infections?
Bilateral: systemic issues (hypothyroidism, pemphigus foliaceus)
Asymmetrical: ectoparasites, fungal infection, bacterial
Primary versus Secondary lesions, and examples of each.
Primary: develop spontaneously as a refelction of underlying disease
Secondary: evolve from primary lesions or are artifacts induced by trauma or medications
Epidermal collarette
A circular lesion with a circular rim of scale and or a peeling edge. These are ‘footprints’ of a vesicular or pustular lesion. They are therefore a common lesion type in canine pyoderma.
A bulla is a fluid-filled sac or lesion that appears when fluid is trapped under a thin layer of your skin. It’s a type of blister
The raised red area of the skin is referred to as a “wheal,” and it can appear anywhere from a few minutes to hours after exposure to an allergen. Wheals can appear anywhere on your dog’s body, but they’re usually found on the head, neck, back, stomach, and legs.
What are the 3 types of lesion configurations?
- Linear (scratching, linear granuloma, congenital malformation)
- Diffuse (suggest metabolic or systemic reaction)
- Annular (superficial pyoderma, dermatophytosis, demodicosis)
Differentials for ear lesions:
- Otitis
- Sarcoptes scabei (skin mite)
- Otodectes cyanotis (ear mite)
The tubular portion of the outer ear that carries sound to the eardrum is called the ear canal. The most common disorder of the ear canal in dogs is called otitis externa. This condition occurs when the layer of cells that line the external ear canal becomes inflamed. Signs include headshaking, odor, redness of the skin, swelling, scratching, increased discharge, and scaly skin. T
The ear mite, Otodectes cynotis, is a surface mite that lives on cats, dogs, rabbits, and ferrets. It is usually found in the ear canal but it can also live on the skin surface. Ear mites are highly contagious, and animals become infested by direct contact with another infested animal. The mite is barely visible to the naked eye and may be seen as a white speck moving against a dark background.T
