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Clinical Medicine > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Three nevus sub types:

A
  1. dysplastic nevus / atypical mole
  2. congenital melanocytic nevus (> 20cm in diameter)
  3. acquired nevus
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2
Q

congenital melanocytic diameter

A

> 20 cm

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3
Q

Nevus pathophys:

A

proliferation and enlargement of melanocytes.

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4
Q

dysplastic (abnormal) nevi are precursors for _________ and are an __________ trait.

A

melanoma

Autosomal dominant

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5
Q

Chromosome involved in dysplastic nevi:

A

Chromosome 9p16

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6
Q

Onset of nevi is directly related to:

A

sun exposure (specially in adults!)

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7
Q

Sign/symptoms of benign acquired nevi:

A
  • uniform brown or tan
  • round in shape
  • sharp well-defined boarders
  • usually flat but some elevation possible
  • 10-40 in adult
  • least involved: scalp, breast, buttocks
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8
Q

Sign/symptoms of dysplastic nevi:

A
  • 1-200 in count
  • variable pigmentation
  • hazy, indistinct borders
  • 6-10mm diameter
  • found on scalp, breast, buttocks
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9
Q

_____ needed to detect growth or changes in nevi shape of lesion

A

Biopsy

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10
Q

Sign/symptoms of congenital nevi:

A
  • presents at birth
  • giant and can cover half the body
  • small or medium, slightly raised, dark brown, smooth surface
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11
Q

4 Melanoma sub types:

A
  1. lentigo maligna
  2. superficial spread
  3. nodular
  4. acral-lentigous
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12
Q

Pathophys of melanoma:

A

proliferation of melanocytes

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13
Q

Lentigo maligna age of onset:

A

70 yrs or older

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14
Q

40-50 years is the age of onset for these two types of melanoma:

A
  1. superficial spread

2. nodular

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15
Q

acral-lentigous age of onset:

A

60 years

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16
Q

area mostly affected by acral-lentigous?

A

palms and soles of feet

17
Q

lentigo maligna sign/symptoms:

A

-brown/tan lesion on sun exposed surfaces of cheek and temple

18
Q

______________ melanoma has a prognosis of 5-20 yrs and is the best types of melanoma.

A

lentigo maligna

19
Q

sign/symptoms of superficial spread:

A
  • brown or bluish-red lesion
  • may be elevated
  • occurs on any site
20
Q

sign/symptoms of nodular melanoma:

A

-reddish blue mixed with brown lesion at any site

21
Q

Prognosis for modular melanoma:

A

a few months - < 5yrs

22
Q

Best and worst prognosis belongs to which melanomas?

A

best: lentigo maligna
worst: nodular

23
Q

Prognosis for acral-lentigous:

A

1-10 yrs

24
Q

Treatment of melanomas depends on the ______.

A

stage of the melanoma

25
Q

First line of treatment of any melanoma:

A

Surgery first

Take it out, then consider chemo/radiation/drugs/targeted therapy

26
Q

How does bio therapy work?

A

Interferon and interleukin-2 boost body’s lymphocytes to attack cancer cells and their division.

27
Q

Types of contact dermatitis:

A
  1. irritant (immediate)

2. allergic

28
Q

Pathophys of Contact dermatitis:

A

Cutaneous response to direct exposure to an allergen (hypersensitivity allergic rxn)
immediate response: erythema 1 hr
delayed: inflammatory 2-3 days

29
Q

Sign/symptoms of contact dermatitis ( general, immediate, and chronic):

A
  • erythema in the contact area (1hr)
  • burning/stinging
  • immediate response: skin gets wet and edematous
  • chronically: thick, dry, and scaly + papules and vesicles
30
Q

Ocular involvement of contact dermatitis:

A
  • papillary conjunctivitis
  • serous discharge
  • blepharitis with superficial punctate ketatitis (SPK)
31
Q

_____ contact dermatitis results in no sensitization after hours of contact with allergen.

A

Irritant

32
Q

_______ contact dermatitis results in delayed sensitization with allergen

A

allergic

33
Q

common causes of contact dermatitis:

A
  • airborne
  • CL preservatives
  • cosmetics
  • dyes
  • chemicals
  • minerals
  • poison ivy/oak/sumac
34
Q

Contact dermatitis prevention:

A
  • avoid known allergens
  • topical steroid creams
  • no scratching

Clinical Medicine (7 decks)

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